{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T17:44:21Z","timestamp":1778953461679,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Therapeutic hypothermia is a treatment used for patients who have suffered cardiorespiratory arrest and remain conscious after the recovery of spontaneous circulation. However, its effectiveness is controversial. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize the scientific evidence available about the effect of therapeutic hypothermia on neurological status and survival in this type of patients. Methodology: A primary search in CINAHL, CUIDEN, Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was carried out. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) published from 2016 to 2020 were selected. Results: 17 studies were selected for inclusion and most relevant data were extracted. Methodological quality was assessed by the RoB tool. Conclusions: Although therapeutic hypothermia is a safe technique with few adverse and manageable effects, it has not shown to improve survival rate and neurological status of adult nor pediatric patients. It is possible that its positive effect on neuroprotection could be achieved only by preventing hyperthermia although further investigation is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182211817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T23:02:41Z","timestamp":1636671761000},"page":"11817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Effect of Therapeutic Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest on the Neurological Outcome and Survival\u2014A Systematic Review of RCTs Published between 2016 and 2020"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3322-5914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Colls Garrido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Cl\u00ednico San Cecilio, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3422-7310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blanca","family":"Riquelme Gallego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4650-2159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"S\u00e1nchez Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Research Group CTS1068, Andalusia Research Plan, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda, 18014 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4019-8555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Cort\u00e9s Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Research Group CTS1068, Andalusia Research Plan, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda, 18014 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Montiel Troya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group CTS1068, Andalusia Research Plan, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda, 18014 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"School of Nursing Ceuta Campus, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2086-1222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Rodr\u00edguez Blanque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group CTS1068, Andalusia Research Plan, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda, 18014 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Distrito Sanitario Granada-Metropolitano, 18013 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3385","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000147236.85306.15","article-title":"Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcome reports: Update and simplification of the Utstein templates for resuscitation registries. 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