{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T13:55:32Z","timestamp":1782395732640,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Spanish Ministry of economy and competitiveness","award":["I+D+i DEP2010-15639, I+D+I DEP2013-40908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I+D+i DEP2010-15639, I+D+I DEP2013-40908"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Education","award":["FPU15\/00002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPU15\/00002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Positive psychology is the study of positive subjective experience and individual traits. Identifying deficits in positive psychology regarding fibromyalgia may inform targets for management. Therefore, the aim of the present case\u2013control study was to compare the levels of positive affect, negative affect, satisfaction with life, optimism and emotional repair in a large sample of women with fibromyalgia (cases) and age-matched peers without fibromyalgia (controls). This case\u2013control study included 437 women with fibromyalgia (51.6 \u00b1 7.1 years old) and 206 age-matched women without fibromyalgia (50.6 \u00b1 7.2 years old). Participants self-reported their levels of (i) subjective well-being on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Satisfaction with Life Scale, (ii) dispositional optimism on the Life Orientation Test-Revised and (iii) emotional repair on the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Women with fibromyalgia showed lower levels of positive affect, satisfaction with life, optimism and emotional repair and higher levels of negative affect. Large effect sizes were found for positive affect, negative affect and satisfaction with life (all, Cohen\u2019s d \u2265 0.80) and small-to-moderate for emotional repair and optimism (both, Cohen\u2019s d \u2265 0.50). Women with fibromyalgia experience deficits of positive psychology resources. Thus, developing tailored therapies for fibromyalgia focusing on reducing deficits in positive psychology resources may be of clinical interest, though this remains to be corroborated in future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182212021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T11:32:03Z","timestamp":1637062323000},"page":"12021","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Fibromyalgia: Evidence for Deficits in Positive Psychology Resources. A Case-Control Study from the Al-\u00c1ndalus Project"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9537-6355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel Javier","family":"Array\u00e1s-Grajera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Motor Skills and Sports Performance, Faculty of Education, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Physical Activity, Promotion of Values and Education, HUM-954 Research Group, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inmaculada","family":"Tornero-Qui\u00f1ones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Didactics, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Science, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain"},{"name":"Education, Motor Skills and Investigation Huelva Research (EMOTION), HUM643 Research Group, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9223-7181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blanca","family":"Gavil\u00e1n-Carrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PA-HELP \u201cPhysical Activity for Health Promotion, CTS-1018\u201d Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of C\u00e1diz, Puerto Real, 11519 C\u00e1diz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6550-9508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Octavio","family":"Luque-Reca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcon, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6307-5921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Pe\u00f1acoba-Puente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcon, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1ngela","family":"Sierra-Robles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Didactics, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Science, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain"},{"name":"Education, Motor Skills and Investigation Huelva Research (EMOTION), HUM643 Research Group, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1762-2925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Carbonell-Baeza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOVE-IT Research Group and Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of C\u00e1diz, Puerto Real, 11519 C\u00e1diz, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of C\u00e1diz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 C\u00e1diz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2960-4142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Est\u00e9vez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.170095","article-title":"A Comparative Evaluation of the 2011 and 2016 Criteria for Fibromyalgia","volume":"44","author":"Ablin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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