{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:12:25Z","timestamp":1789708345035,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]],"date-time":"2021-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: To assess orthodontic forced eruption (OFE) as a pre-restorative procedure for non-restorable permanent teeth with subgingival dental hard tissue defects after dental trauma. (2) Methods: A systematic electronic search of three databases, namely, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, revealed a total of 2757 eligible publications. Randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT), retro- and prospective clinical studies, or case series (with a minimum of three patients) were reviewed. (3) Results: Thirteen full-text papers were included: one RCT, one prospective clinical trial, two retrospective cohort studies, and nine case series. Within case series, statistical significance between age and cause of fracture (p &lt; 0.03) was determined. The mean extrusion rate of OFE was 1.5 mm a week within a four to six weeks treatment period followed by retention. Three OFE protocols for maxillary single teeth are available: 1. OFE without migration of gingiva and alveolar bone, 2. OFE with gingival migration and slight alveolar bone migration, and 3. OFE with migration of both gingiva and alveolar bone. (4) Conclusions: The current state of the evidence suggests that OFE is a feasible pre-treatment option for non-restorable permanent teeth. OFE can promote the migration of tooth surrounding hard and soft tissues in the esthetic zone. Root resorption does not seem to be a relevant side effect of OFE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182312580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T04:48:37Z","timestamp":1638247717000},"page":"12580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Orthodontic Forced Eruption of Permanent Anterior Teeth with Subgingival Fractures: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Reichardt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Oral Health and Orthodontics, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Mattenstr. 40, 4058 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Krug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of W\u00fcrzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Bornstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Mattenstr. 40, 4058 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3914-2781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Tomasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), IInhoffenstra\u00dfe 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlalberta","family":"Verna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Oral Health and Orthodontics, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Mattenstr. 40, 4058 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Krastl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of W\u00fcrzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12550","article-title":"Long-term outcome of adhesive fragment reattachment in crown-root fractured teeth","volume":"36","author":"Soliman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dent. 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