{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T08:08:30Z","timestamp":1783066110068,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships among mood states, perfectionism, and choking, and to identify a mediating effect of perfectionism on the relationship between mood states and choking experienced by Asian university baseball players in extremely stressful situations during a game. Data collected from a total of 209 male university baseball players were analyzed using SPSS 21 and AMOS 21 statistical software. The mean age of study subjects was 20.25 years. Results are as follows. First, mood states had a positive influence on perfectionism. Second, mood states had no significant influence on choking. Third, perfectionism had a positive influence on choking. Lastly, perfectionism had a complete mediating effect on the relationship between mood states and choking. The study findings will provide basic data to relieve athletes\u2019 psychological burdens, and prevent manifestations of extreme perfectionism and choking, which can ultimately help athletes maintain high self-control of their mood states and perfectionism for better performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182312856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T22:18:42Z","timestamp":1638829122000},"page":"12856","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Perfectionism, Mood States, and Choking in Asian University Baseball Players under Pressure during a Game"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2265-772X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang-Jin","family":"Yoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Coaching Science, Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo 158-8508, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunori","family":"Irie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Coaching Science, Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo 158-8508, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun-Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geumjeong District Council, Busan 46274, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sea-Mi","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.51979\/KSSLS.2018.11.74.9","article-title":"Short but sensational life, Jang Myeong-Boo who was stranger on the ground","volume":"74","author":"Yoon","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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