{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:56:03Z","timestamp":1787320563372,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003627","name":"Rural Development Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJ0161442022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJ0161442022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003627","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study was designed to assess the physiological and psychological benefits of visually looking at foliage plants in adults. This study involved 30 adults in their 20s (11 males, 19 females), and using a crossover design, participants looked at four different types of visual stimuli, namely, real plants, artificial plants, a photograph of plants, and no plants for 5 min. Brain waves were measured while viewing each type of plant, and a subjective evaluation of emotions was performed after each visual stimulus. Semantic differential methods (SDM) and Profile of Mood States (POMS) were used for the subjective evaluation. During the real plant visual stimulation, relative theta (RT) power spectrum was increased in the bilateral occipital lobes, while relative high beta (RHB) power spectrum was reduced in the left occipital lobe, indicating a reduction in stress, anxiety, and tension. The subjective survey results revealed that when looking at real plants, the participants exhibited significantly higher \u201ccomfort,\u201d \u201cnatural,\u201d and \u201crelaxed\u201d scores as well as an increase in positive mood conditions. In conclusion, among the four types of plants, visual stimulation with real plants induces physiological relaxation in adults and has a positive psychological effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182412932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T02:07:18Z","timestamp":1639102038000},"page":"12932","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Physiological and Psychological Effects of Visual Stimulation with Green Plant Types"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ji-Eun","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bio and Healing Convergence, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1367-8825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sin-Ae","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bio and Healing Convergence, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(00)00319-6","article-title":"Gone barefoot lately?","volume":"20","author":"Stilgoe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. 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