{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:01:04Z","timestamp":1788220864512,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V109E-008-5(110)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V109E-008-5(110)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V110E-003-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V110E-003-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, R.O.C","award":["MOST 110-2320-B-075-004-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2320-B-075-004-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, R.O.C","award":["MOST 109-2320-B-075-006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 109-2320-B-075-006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Key Points: Question: Can the traditional Chinese version of the hearing handicap inventory for elderly screening (HHIE-S) checklist screen for age-related hearing loss (ARHL) in elderly individuals? Findings: In this cross-sectional study of 1696 Taiwanese patients who underwent annual government-funded geriatric health checkups, the Chinese version of the HHIE-S had a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 79.8% with a cutoff score greater than 6 for identifying patients with disabled hearing loss (defined as a PTA &gt; 40 dB). Meaning: The traditional Chinese version of the HHIE-S is an effective test to detect ARHL and can improve the feasibility of large-scale hearing screening among elderly individuals. Purpose: The traditional Chinese version of the hearing handicap inventory for elderly screening (TC-HHIE-S) was translated from English and is intended for use with people whose native language is traditional Chinese, but its effectiveness and diagnostic performance are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the traditional Chinese version of the HHIE-S for screening for age-related hearing loss (ARHL). Methods: A total of 1696 elderly people underwent the government\u2019s annual geriatric medical examination at community hospitals. In this cross-sectional study, we recorded average conducted pure-tone averages (PTA) (0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 4 kHz), age, sex, and HHIE-S data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the best critical point for detecting hearing impairment, and the validity of the structure was verified by the agreement between the TC-HHIE-S and PTA results. Results: The HHIE-S scores were correlated with the better-ear pure-tone threshold averages (PTAs) at 0.5\u20134 kHz (correlation coefficient r = 0.45). The internal consistency of the total HHIE-S score was excellent (Cronbach\u2019s alpha = 0.901), and the test-retest reliability was also excellent (Spearman\u2019s correlation coefficient = 0.60, intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.75). In detecting disabled hearing loss (i.e., PTA at 0.5\u20134 kHz &gt; 40 dB), the HHIE-S cutoff score of &gt; 6 had a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 79.8%. Conclusions: The traditional Chinese version of the HHIE-S is a valid, reliable, and efficient tool for large-scale screening for ARHL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182413215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T09:02:19Z","timestamp":1639558939000},"page":"13215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Diagnostic Validity of Self-Reported Hearing Loss in Elderly Taiwanese Individuals: Diagnostic Performance of a Hearing Self-Assessment Questionnaire on Audiometry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1276-6292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tzong-Hann","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"},{"name":"General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei 10671, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112303, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0997-5168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan-Chia","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Management Office, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Fu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112303, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng-Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1995-5854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen-Fu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112303, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan-Song","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen University, Taipei 243, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung-Meng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"United Nations (2019). 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