{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T12:03:48Z","timestamp":1780920228568,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chung Shan Medical University and Chi Mei Medical Center","award":["CSMU-CMMC-105-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSMU-CMMC-105-06"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hinged ankle-foot orthoses (HAFOs) and floor reaction ankle-foot orthoses (FRAFOs) are frequently prescribed to improve gait performance in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP). No study has investigated the effects of FRAFO on sit-to-stand (STS) performance nor scrutinized differences between the application of HAFOs and FRAFOs on postural control. This study compared the effects of HAFOs and FRAFOs on standing stability and STS performance in children with spastic diplegic CP. Nine children with spastic diplegic CP participated in this crossover repeated-measures design research. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected during static standing and STS performance using 3-D motion analysis and force plates. Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to compare the differences in standing stability and STS performance between wearing HAFOs and FRAFOs. The results showed that during static standing, all center of pressure (COP) parameters (maximal anteroposterior\/mediolateral displacement, maximal velocity, and sway area) were not significantly different between FRAFOs and HAFOs. During STS, the floor reaction force in the vertical direction was significantly higher with FRAFOs than with HAFOs (p = 0.018). There were no significant differences in the range of motion in the trunk, knee, and ankle, the maximal velocity of COP forward displacement, completion time, and the force of hip, knee, and ankle joints between the two orthoses. The results suggest both FRAFOs and HAFOs have a similar effect on standing stability, while FRAFOs may benefit STS performance more compared to HAFOs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19010542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T03:41:32Z","timestamp":1641440492000},"page":"542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of Hinged versus Floor-Reaction Ankle-Foot Orthoses on Standing Stability and Sit-to-Stand Performance in Children with Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yu-Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for General Education, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 710301, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2143-5607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Chou","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Occupational Therapy Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3454-8675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiung-Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Occupational Therapy Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Hsieh","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Therapy Room, Rehabilitation Department, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Ling","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Occupational Therapy Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwok-Tak","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Occupational Therapy Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"A report: The definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006","volume":"109","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev. 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