{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:01:25Z","timestamp":1790139685536,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Diabetes is a well-known predisposing factor for oral diseases, so prevention in an early age is mandatory. Objective: To provide oral screening for children living with type 1 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the oral and general health indexes of T1DM children and compare these data to healthy siblings and controls. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 120 DM patients and 78 siblings, thereafter 80 DM children and 95 controls, took part. A detailed questionnaire, panoramic radiographs, and lateral cephalograms were obtained in every orthodontic consultation. We used Pearson\u2019s chi-square test for statistical analysis and compared the data of the study and control groups. Results: The oral health values of DM children were significantly better (DMF-T 0.83\u20131.3) than the national average (3.8\u20134.5). A total of 75% (n = 60) of the children needed orthodontic treatment for orthodontic or skeletal anomalies. The prevalence of skeletal anomalies was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) than in the control group. The frequency of coeliac disease was significantly elevated compared to any literature data (1\u20133.5%) in the study (15%) and in the control sibling group (13%). Conclusions: Co-morbidities such as CD should get more attention as a prognostic factor for a future higher incidence of diabetes. T1DM children can be motivated and health-conscious patients with excellent oral hygiene and dental status. Orthodontic treatment can help eliminate the oral complications of DM. Special diabetes ambulances may help provide oral care for patients with DM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19010545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T03:41:32Z","timestamp":1641440492000},"page":"545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Oral Health Status of Children Living with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0985-4737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorottya","family":"Banyai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2836-6747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Vegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Vegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Ujpal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Payer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zita","family":"Biczo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsuzsanna","family":"Triebl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9137-1664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaled","family":"Mukaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Surgery, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8278-6857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentin","family":"Herber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Jakse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsolt","family":"Nemeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Hermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"No\u00e9mi","family":"R\u00f3zsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.03.024","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates for the prevalence of diabetes for 2015 and 2040","volume":"128","author":"Ogurtsova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. 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