{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T04:53:46Z","timestamp":1790916826937,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRF-TP-18-071A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRF-TP-18-071A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","award":["2021-CKL-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-CKL-01"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41503104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41503104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene isomers (BTEX) have raised increasing concern due to their adverse effects on human health. In this study, a coking factory and four communities nearby were selected as the research area. Atmospheric BTEX samples were collected and determined by a preconcentrator GC\u2013MS method. Four biomarkers in the morning urine samples of 174 participants from the communities were measured by LC\u2013MS. The health risks of BTEX exposure via inhalation were estimated. This study aimed to investigate the influence of external BTEX exposure on the internal biomarker levels and quantitatively evaluate the health risk of populations near the coking industry. The results showed that the average total BTEX concentration in residential area was 7.17 \u00b1 7.24 \u03bcg m\u22123. Trans,trans-muconic acid (T,T-MA) was the urinary biomarker with the greatest average level (127 \u00b1 285 \u03bcg g\u22121 crt). Similar spatial trends can be observed between atmospheric benzene concentration and internal biomarker levels. The mean values of the LCR for male and female residents were 2.15 \u00d7 10\u22125 and 2.05 \u00d7 10\u22125, respectively. The results of the risk assessment indicated that special attention was required for the non-occupational residents around the area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19020847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T10:57:37Z","timestamp":1642071457000},"page":"847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["External Exposure to BTEX, Internal Biomarker Response, and Health Risk Assessment of Nonoccupational Populations near a Coking Plant in Southwest China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ning","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 100012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anshan Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Liaoning Province, Anshan 114000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anshan Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Liaoning Province, Anshan 114000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qujing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qujing 655011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laiguo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China"},{"name":"Air Pollution Control Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruifang","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fusheng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 100012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(11)60735-3","article-title":"Levels, sources and health risks of carbonyls and BTEX in the ambient air of Beijing, China","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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