{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T15:20:19Z","timestamp":1783783219446,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The COVID-19 evolution depends on immunological capacity. The global hospital mortality rate is 15\u201320%, but in M\u00e9xico it is 46%. There are several therapeutic protocols, however, integral nutrition is not considered. In this study, a Nutritional Support System (NSS) was employed to increase survival and reduce mortality in patients with stage III COVID-19. A randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial was performed. Eighty patients (aged 30 to 75 years, both sexes) were assigned to (1) \u201cControl Group\u201d (CG) hospital diet and medical treatment or (2) \u201cIntervention Group\u201d (IG) hospital diet, medical treatment, and the NSS (vitamins, minerals, fiber, omega-3, amino acids, B-complex, and probiotics). IG significantly increased survival and reduced mortality compared to CG (p = 0.027). IG decreased progression to Mechanical Ventilation Assistance (MVA) by 10%, reduced the intubation period by 15 days, and increased survival in intubated patients by 38% compared to CG. IG showed improvement compared to CG in decrease in supplemental oxygen (p = 0.014), the qSOFA test (p = 0.040), constipation (p = 0.014), the PHQ-9 test (p = 0.003), and in the follow-up, saturation with oxygen (p = 0.030). The NSS increases survival and decreases mortality in patients with stage III COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T08:37:18Z","timestamp":1642754238000},"page":"1172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Effect of a Nutritional Support System to Increase Survival and Reduce Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in Stage III and Comorbidities: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Fernando","family":"Leal-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FCS), Universidad An\u00e1huac M\u00e9xico Norte, Mexico City 52786, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorena","family":"Abarca-Bernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FCS), Universidad An\u00e1huac M\u00e9xico Norte, Mexico City 52786, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FCS), Universidad An\u00e1huac M\u00e9xico Norte, Mexico City 52786, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinnaru","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Tolosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FCS), Universidad An\u00e1huac M\u00e9xico Norte, Mexico City 52786, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgina","family":"Cruz-C\u00e1zares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FCS), Universidad An\u00e1huac M\u00e9xico Norte, Mexico City 52786, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Montell-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro M\u00e9dico ISSEMyM (CMI) Toluca \u201cLic. Arturo Montiel Rojas\u201d, Toluca City 52170, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2489-4689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Ibarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FCS), Universidad An\u00e1huac M\u00e9xico Norte, Mexico City 52786, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.02.018","article-title":"Characteristics of COVID-19 infection in Beijing","volume":"80","author":"Tian","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Coronavirus causante del s\u00edndrome respiratorio de Oriente Medio (MERS-CoV)","volume":"1","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. 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