{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T14:01:32Z","timestamp":1788184892126,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]],"date-time":"2022-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of physical activity in the primary prevention of anxiety. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. RCTs were searched in seven electronic databases. We included RCTs that assessed either the incidence of anxiety or the reduction of anxiety symptoms which excluded participants with baseline anxiety. Measurements were required to have been made using validated instruments. Objective or subjective (with validated questionnaires) verification of the performance of physical activity was required. Three reviewers carried out the search, selection, data extraction, and risk assessment of Cochrane Collaboration\u2019s tool simultaneously and independently, reaching an agreement in their discrepancies by consensus. In addition, a meta-analysis of fixed-effects model was carried out. Three RCTs met inclusion criteria, comprising 350 patients from 3 different countries. A meta-analysis was performed using five comparisons extracted from the selected studies, and the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) was \u22120.18 (95% CI: \u22120.44; 0.07), p = 0.158. The heterogeneity was irrelevant, I2 = 17.7% (p = 0.30). There is no evidence that anxiety can be prevented through physical activity, although the quality of evidence was very low.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T20:36:47Z","timestamp":1644179807000},"page":"1813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Effectiveness of Physical Activity in Primary Prevention of Anxiety: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4130-9090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Moreno-Peral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP), 08007 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9332-9897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Pino-Postigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of M\u00e1laga (UMA), 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Conejo-Cer\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP), 08007 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dar\u00edo","family":"Bell\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PROFITH \u201cPROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity\u201d Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3939-0299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP), 08007 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Occupational Therapy, Speech Therapy and Nursing, Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13001 Ciudad Real, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6121-7893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Vizca\u00edno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social and Health Care Research Center, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 16002 Cuenca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan \u00c1ngel","family":"Bell\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP), 08007 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"\u2018El Palo\u2019 Health Centre, Health District of Primary Care M\u00e1laga-Guadalhorce, Servicio Andaluz de Salud (SAS), 29018 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, University of M\u00e1laga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators (2020). 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