{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:30:50Z","timestamp":1793039450301,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]],"date-time":"2022-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Provincial Secretariat for Higher Education and Scientific Research","award":["142-451-2594"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["142-451-2594"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Psychological parameters are relevant in the practice of judo. Previous studies have shown that parameters such as anxiety or motivation can have a negative or positive impact on the athlete\u2019s performance and general well-being, depending on the athlete\u2019s perception. This systematic review aimed to summarize the studies examining the influence of various psychological parameters on well-being and performance in judo athletes; (2) Methods: We followed preferred reporting elements for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We searched the Web of Science database for studies that explained the role of these parameters in elite athletes. Of the 286 articles initially identified, 17 met our eligibility criteria and were included in the review. In total, we analyzed data from 721 judo athletes; (3) Results: The studies found have demonstrated the impact of various psychological parameters during high-level performance and how these parameters can influence and lead an athlete to win or lose a competition. The feelings of tension, anger, anxiety, and nervousness were significantly increased in athletes who were facing defeat, while a decrease in the same segments and an increase in motivation among athletes who were experiencing better performance was observed. Further research under standardized conditions is needed to better understand the effects of these parameters on judo athletes; (4) Conclusions: Considering the athlete\u2019s psychological state can affect performance, and it is therefore important to monitor and train these factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19042093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]],"date-time":"2022-02-13T21:08:43Z","timestamp":1644786523000},"page":"2093","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["The Role of Psychological Factors in Judo: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1208-1034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Rossi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Roklicer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3628-4239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatjana","family":"Tubic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8334-6581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonino","family":"Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5301-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ambra","family":"Gentile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marko","family":"Manojlovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nemanja","family":"Maksimovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatjana","family":"Trivic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2075-6038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrik","family":"Drid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ramd.2013.11.001","article-title":"Specificity of performance adaptations to a periodized judo training program","volume":"8","author":"Franchini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Andal. Med. Deporte"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1550-2783-7-15","article-title":"The need of a weight management control program in judo: A proposal based on the successful case of wrestling","volume":"7","author":"Artioli","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Int. Soc. Sport Nutr."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/1529-1006.01431","article-title":"Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier life-styles?","volume":"4","author":"Baumeister","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci. Public Interest"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Corman, A.M. (2003). Dictionary of Psychology, Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(98)71378-7","article-title":"Perioperative anxiety and depression in open-heart surgery","volume":"39","author":"Vingerhoets","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Alexander, D. (2009). Psychophysiological Effects of Pre-Competition Anxiety on Basketball Performance. [Master\u2019s Thesis, California State University]. Unpublished work."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martens, R., Vealey, R.S., and Burton, D. (1990). Development and validation of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventor y-2. Competitive Anxiety in Sport, Human Kinetics.","DOI":"10.1080\/08917779008248732"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01183856","article-title":"The cognitive side of anxiety","volume":"11","author":"Ingram","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cognit. Ther. Res."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"50","article-title":"Eating attitudes, perfectionism and body-esteem of elite male judoists and cyclists","volume":"6","author":"Filaire","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.22.2.89","article-title":"Methods of body-mass reduction by combat sport athletes","volume":"22","author":"Brito","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Mcnair, D.M., Lorr, M., and Droppleman, L.F. (1971). Manual for the Profile of Mood States, Educational and Industrial Testing Services."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2009.071274","article-title":"Precompetition taper and nutritional strat- egies: Special reference to training during Ramadan intermittent fast","volume":"44","author":"Mujika","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scispo.2011.06.013","article-title":"Tapering for competition: A review","volume":"27","author":"Hausswirth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Sports"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.11606\/1807-5509201700040721","article-title":"Does disordered eating decrease the agility and vertical jump in combat sports athletes?","volume":"31","author":"Fortes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Educ. Fis. Esporte"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-924334","article-title":"Eating attitudes, body esteem, perfectionism and anxiety of judo athletes and nonathletes","volume":"28","author":"Rouveix","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.52.6.377","article-title":"The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomized and non-randomized studies of health care interventions","volume":"52","author":"Downs","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"179","article-title":"Qualitative research synthesis: Methodological guidance for systematic reviewers utilizing meta-aggregation","volume":"13","author":"Lockwood","year":"2015","journal-title":"JBI Evid. Implement."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.16.2.187","article-title":"Gender differences in the psychological response to weight reduction in judoists","volume":"16","author":"Yoshioka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410802413214","article-title":"Combination of gradual and rapid weight loss: Effects on physical performance and psychological state of elite judo athletes","volume":"27","author":"Koral","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.109.3.870-880","article-title":"Relations among training volume; body weight; and profile of mood states for elite judoka during a competitive period","volume":"109","author":"Olmedilla","year":"2009","journal-title":"Percept. Mot. Ski."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"125","article-title":"Mood response after two weeks of rapid weight reduction in judokas","volume":"14","author":"Fortes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Budo"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01499","article-title":"Diurnal variation of short-term repetitive maximal performance and psychological variables in elite judo athletes","volume":"9","author":"Chtourou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2019.1657503","article-title":"Rapid weight loss influences the physical; psychological and biological responses during a simulated competition in national judo athletes","volume":"20","author":"Isacco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Sport Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"263","article-title":"Psychophysiological stress in judo athletes during competitions","volume":"41","author":"Filaire","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Sports Med. Phys. Fit."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2337(20010101\/31)27:1<55::AID-AB5>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Anxiety, hormonal responses, and coping during a judo competition","volume":"27","author":"Filaire","year":"2001","journal-title":"Aggress. Behav."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2009.10.004","article-title":"Influence of coaches\u2019 autonomy support on athletes\u2019 motivation and sport performance: A test of the hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation","volume":"11","author":"Gillet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychol. Sport Exerc."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"11","article-title":"Anxiety; self-esteem and competition ranking of judokas","volume":"7","author":"Kolayis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Budo"},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"281","article-title":"Psychological indicators of overtraining in high level judo athletes in pre- and post-competition periods","volume":"10","author":"Noce","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Budo"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2013-0163","article-title":"Weight loss and psychological-related states in high-level judo athletes","volume":"25","author":"Molina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"267","article-title":"Mental toughness and perfectionism in judo: Differences by achievement and age. The relation between constructs","volume":"12","author":"Sretkovic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Budo"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"272","article-title":"Relationship of psychophysiological characteristics with different levels of motivation in judo athletes of high qualification","volume":"21","author":"Korobeynikov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pedagog. Phys. Cult. Sports"},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"86","article-title":"Mental toughness attributes in judo: Perceptions of athletes","volume":"18","author":"Silva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cuad. Psicol. Deporte"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1080\/17430437.2019.1669325","article-title":"Identity tensions in dual career: The discursive construction of future selves by female Finnish judo athletes","volume":"23","author":"Kavoura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sport Soc."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"173","article-title":"Evidence of the effect of winning or losing in levels of anger and anxiety in judo fighters","volume":"38","author":"Gouveia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Av. Psicol. Latinoam."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"995","article-title":"Mental toughness of elite judo athletes","volume":"36","author":"Yasar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Med."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"3394","article-title":"Effect of weight restriction strategies in judokas","volume":"21","author":"Gordon","year":"2021","journal-title":"JPES"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318207ed3f","article-title":"Effects of self-selected mass loss on performance and mood in collegiate wrestlers","volume":"25","author":"Marttinen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.26582\/k.48.2.7","article-title":"Mood aspects of rapid weight loss in adolescent wrestlers","volume":"48","year":"2016","journal-title":"Kinesiology"},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"67","article-title":"The relationship between rapid weight loss indicators and selected psychological indicators on success of Croatian wrestlers","volume":"17","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Budo"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2548","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002639","article-title":"Body weight and mood state modifications in Mixed Martial Arts: An Exploratory Pilot","volume":"32","author":"Brandt","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.35.6.390","article-title":"Effects of rapid weight loss on mood and performance among amateur boxers","volume":"35","author":"Hall","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637671","DOI":"10.3389\/fsoc.2021.637671","article-title":"Multilevel evaluation of rapid weight loss in wrestling and taekwondo","volume":"6","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Sociol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000003218","article-title":"Comparisons of mood states associated with outcomes achieved by female and male athletes in high-level judo and Brazilian jiu-jitsu championships: Psychological factors associated with the probability of success","volume":"35","author":"Brandt","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001551","article-title":"Perceived sleep quality; mood states; and their relationship with performance among brazilian elite athletes during a competitive period","volume":"31","author":"Brandt","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1997.85.3f.1275","article-title":"Anxiety, self-confidence and performance in tae kwon-do","volume":"85","author":"Chapman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Percept. Mot. Ski."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1995.81.1.275","article-title":"Discriminant effectiveness of psychological state measures in predicting performance outcome in karate competition","volume":"81","author":"Terry","year":"1995","journal-title":"Percept. Mot. Ski."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"381","article-title":"Influence of temperament and anxiety on athletic performance","volume":"5","author":"Han","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20306","article-title":"Personality traits and endocrine response as possible asymmetry factors of agonistic outcome in karate athletes","volume":"35","author":"Parmigiani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aggress. Behav."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2905","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000003376","article-title":"Anticipatory salivary cortisol and state anxiety before competition predict match outcome in Division I Collegiate Wrestlers","volume":"33","author":"Cintineo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2017.05.017","article-title":"Salivary steroid response and competitive anxiety in elite basketball players: Effect of opponent level","volume":"177","author":"Arruda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e743986488","DOI":"10.33448\/rsd-v9i8.6488","article-title":"Anxiety in Jiu-Jitsu athletes: Differences according to age and competitive level","volume":"9","author":"Freire","year":"2020","journal-title":"Res. Soc. Dev."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"363","article-title":"State-trait anxiety and reduced emotional intelligence in combat sport athletes of different genders and competitive levels","volume":"19","author":"Bello","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Phys. Educ. Sport"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00130","article-title":"Anxiety and emotional intelligence: Comparisons between combat sports, gender and levels using the trait meta-mood scale and the inventory of situations and anxiety response","volume":"11","author":"Brito","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erap.2020.100603","article-title":"Effect of an intensified training period on well-being indices; recovery and psychological aspects in professional soccer players","volume":"70","author":"Selmi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649677","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.649677","article-title":"The effect of social support on athlete burnout in weightlifters: The mediation effect of mental toughness and sports motivation","volume":"12","author":"Shang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1080\/17461390902736793","article-title":"A motivational model of performance in the sport domain","volume":"9","author":"Gillet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Sport Sci."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2011.12.001","article-title":"Youth athletes\u2019 perception of autonomy support from the coach, peer motivational climate and intrinsic motivation in sport","volume":"13","author":"Hein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychol. Sport Exerc."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2016.05.005","article-title":"High school athletes\u2019 self-determined motivation: The independent and interactive effects of coach, father, and mother autonomy support","volume":"26","author":"Amorose","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol. Sport Exerc."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.29081\/gsjesh.2017.18.1.15","article-title":"Study on the importance of attention and combativity in competitions at judoka athletes for 11\u201313 Years","volume":"18","author":"Sava","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gymnasium"},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"60","article-title":"Assessment of mental toughness among high and low achievers Indian wrestlers: A comparative study","volume":"4","author":"Rana","year":"2009","journal-title":"Res. J. Phy. Educ. Sports Sci."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"e30840","article-title":"Comparison of mental toughness and power test performances in high-level kickboxers by competitive success","volume":"7","author":"Slimani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.17159\/sajs.2019\/5271","article-title":"Perfectionism and motivation in sport: The mediating role of mental toughness","volume":"115","author":"Cowden","year":"2019","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Sci."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1177\/1012690218789037","article-title":"Reproduction and opportunity: A study of dual career; aspirations and elite sports in Danish Sports Classes","volume":"55","author":"Skrubbeltrang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Sport Sociol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/4\/2093\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:18:39Z","timestamp":1760134719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/4\/2093"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph19042093"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19042093","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]]}}}