{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T21:58:29Z","timestamp":1788040709673,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 52002282; 52062027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 52002282; 52062027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang","award":["No. LQ19E080003; LY21E080010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. LQ19E080003; LY21E080010"]}]},{"name":"Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","award":["No. 21NDJC163YB; 22NDJC166YB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 21NDJC163YB; 22NDJC166YB"]}]},{"name":"the &quot;Double-First Class&quot; Major Research Programs, Educational Department of Gansu Province","award":["No. GSSYLXM-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. GSSYLXM-04"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>At present, Chinese authorities are launching a campaign to convince riders of electric bicycles (e-bikes) and scooters to wear helmets. To explore the effectiveness of this new helmet policy on e-bike cycling behavior and improve existing e-bike management, this study investigates the related statistical distribution characteristics, such as demographic information, travel information, cycling behavior information and riders\u2019 subjective attitude information. The behavioral data of 1048 e-bike riders related to helmet policy were collected by a questionnaire survey in Ningbo, China. A bivariate ordered probit (BOP) model was employed to account for the unobserved heterogeneity. The marginal effects of contributory factors were calculated to quantify their impacts, and the results show that the BOP model can explain the common unobserved features in the helmet policy and cycling behavior of e-bike riders, and that good safety habits stem from long-term safety education and training. The BOP model results show that whether wearing a helmet, using an e-bike after 19:00, and sunny days are factors that affect the helmet wearing rate. Helmet wearing, evenings during rush hour, and picking up children are some of the factors that affect e-bike accident rates. Furthermore, there is a remarkable negative correlation between the helmet wearing rate and e-bike accident rate. Based on these results, some interventions are discussed to increase the helmet usage of e-bike riders in Ningbo, China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19052830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T20:09:57Z","timestamp":1646078997000},"page":"2830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Impact of Helmet-Wearing Policy on E-Bike Safety Riding Behavior: A Bivariate Ordered Probit Analysis in Ningbo, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7350-968X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jibiao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200082, China"},{"name":"School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0324-6298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0756-6093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200082, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhua","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Transportation Engineering, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0250-5462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changxi","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traffic and Transportation, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s11116-011-9328-y","article-title":"E-bikes and urban transportation: Emerging issues and unresolved questions","volume":"39","author":"Rose","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transportation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tra.2015.04.013","article-title":"Estimating cycleway capacity and bicycle equivalent unit for electric bicycles","volume":"77","author":"Jin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transp. 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