{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T11:59:05Z","timestamp":1790855945699,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oral carcinoma represents one of the main carcinomas of the head and neck region, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 50%. Smoking and tobacco use are recognized risk factors. Prognostic survival biomarkers can be a valid tool for assessing a patient\u2019s life expectancy and directing therapy towards specific targets. Among the biomarkers, the alteration of miR-21 expression in tumor tissues is increasingly reported as a valid prognostic biomarker of survival for oral cancer. The purpose of this meta-analysis was, therefore, to investigate and summarize the results in the literature concerning the potential prognostic expression of tissue miR-21 in patients with OSCC. Methods: The systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines using electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, with the use of combinations of keywords, such as miR-21 AND oral cancer, microRNA AND oral cancer, and miR-21. The meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.41 software. Results: At the end of the article-selection process, 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis, and the result for the main outcome was a pooled HR per overall survival (OS) of 1.29 (1.16\u20131.44) between high and low expression of miR-21. Conclusions: The data in the literature and the results emerging from the systematic review indicate that miR-21 can provide a prognostic indication in oral cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19063396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T03:06:10Z","timestamp":1647313570000},"page":"3396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["MicroRNA-21 Expression as a Prognostic Biomarker in Oral Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0949-3457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Dioguardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8364-2425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Spirito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Sovereto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2523-8149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Alovisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, University of Turin, 10127 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5647-4414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Troiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8116-9614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Aiuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Science, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8516-8352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Garcovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Paseo de la Alameda 7, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0236-0205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vito","family":"Crincoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Division of Complex Operating Unit of Dentistry, \u201cAldo Moro\u201d University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2372-7109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Laino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80121 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0842-7351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela Pia","family":"Cazzolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia Apollonia","family":"Caloro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e0 Operativa Nefrologia e Dialisi, Presidio Ospedaliero Scorrano, ASL (Azienda Sanitaria Locale) Lecce, Via Giuseppina Delli Ponti, 73020 Scorrano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Di Cosola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4633-4893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Lo Muzio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Oral microbiome and mucosal trauma as risk factors for oral cancer: Beyond alcohol and tobacco. 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