{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:58:41Z","timestamp":1760151521437,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: The incidence of twin pregnancy is estimated at 1 per 80 single pregnancies. As the topic of sexual function among women with multiple pregnancy is insufficiently developed, we believe it is appropriate to raise this subject. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 100 women during subsequent trimesters of pregnancy. Results: From a group of 100 women, 54 women were primiparous, while 46 women had a history of previous delivery. The mean overall FSFI (female sexual function index) was found to be 24.3 \u00b1 6.1. Mean FSFI was the highest in the first trimester at 25.6. The result decreased successively to 24.8 \u00b1 7 and 22.6 \u00b1 8.4 in the second and third trimesters, respectively. The patient\u2019s place of residence had a crucial impact on their FSFI score. The results were considerably higher for residents of small and medium towns or cities\u201424.4 \u00b1 3.8 and 25.9 \u00b1 4.9, respectively\u2014while for those living in rural areas, the FSFI reached only 21.7 \u00b1 5.4. Conclusions: The present study shows that the FSFI decreased throughout twin pregnancy. The lowest observed FSFI occurred in the third trimester, while the highest FSFI occurred during the first trimester.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19063546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T22:09:58Z","timestamp":1647468598000},"page":"3546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Female Sexual Function in Twin Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Oncological Gynecology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4160-9280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Dulska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Oncological Gynecology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"Bodziony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Oncological Gynecology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mateusz","family":"Szul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Oncological Gynecology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1249-5840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Drosdzol-Cop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Oncological Gynecology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2020, June 20). Sexual and Reproductive Health. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/reproductivehealth\/topics\/sexual_health\/sh_definitions\/en\/."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2013.03.007","article-title":"Puberty and adolescent sexuality","volume":"64","author":"Fortenberry","year":"2013","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-015-0065-0","article-title":"Demographic and obstetric factors affecting women\u2019s sexual functioning during pregnancy","volume":"12","author":"Najafi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod. Health"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2017.09.002","article-title":"National Coordination Group of the National Perinatal Surveys. Trends in perinatal health in metropolitan France from 1995 to 2016: Results from the French National Perinatal Surveys","volume":"46","author":"Blondel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Gynecol. Obstet. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Three decades of twin births in the United States, 1980\u20132009","volume":"80","author":"Martin","year":"2012","journal-title":"NCHS Data Br."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Gorczyca, B., and Wydawnictw, Z. (2019). Vital statistics of population, Demographic Yearbook of Poland."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2014.48","article-title":"Late Prematurity in Twins: A Polish Multicenter Study","volume":"17","author":"Szymusik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Twin Res. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Korb, D., Schmitz, T., Seco, A., Goffinet, F., and Deneux-Tharaux, C. (2020). JUmeaux MODe d\u2019Accouchement (JUMODA) study group and the Groupe de Recherche en Obst\u00e9trique et Gyn\u00e9cologie (GROG). Risk factors and high-risk subgroups of severe acute maternal morbidity in twin pregnancy: A population-based study. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229612"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.04.025","article-title":"Adverse pregnancy, birth, and infant outcomes in twins: Effects of maternal fertility status and infant gender combinations; the Massachusetts Outcomes Study of Assisted Reproductive Technology","volume":"217","author":"Luke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Obs. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"530","article-title":"The impact of hormonal treatment on the development of the hip in multiple pregnancy\u2014Sonographic assessment","volume":"25","author":"Sionek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Poste\u0328p. Nauk Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1053\/sper.2002.34775","article-title":"Trends in the occurrence, determinants, and consequences of multiple births","volume":"26","author":"Blondel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Semin. Perinatol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.03.027","article-title":"First-trimester bleeding and twin pregnancy outcomes after in vitro fertilization","volume":"106","author":"Eaton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"364","article-title":"Role of maternal age and pregnancy history in risk of miscarriage: Prospective register based study","volume":"20","author":"Magnus","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg308","article-title":"Risk of spontaneous abortion in singleton and twin pregnancies after IVF\/ICSI","volume":"18","author":"Tummers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2004.04.007","article-title":"Obstetric complications of twin pregnancies","volume":"18","author":"Rao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"(2020, June 20). Dz.U. 2015 poz. 2007. Rozporza\u0328dzenie Ministra Zdrowia z dn. 09.11.2015 r. w Sprawie Standardo\u0301w Poste\u0328powania Przy Udzielaniu S\u0301wiadczen\u0301 Zdrowotnych w Dziedzinie Po\u0142oz\u0307nictwa i Ginekologii z Zakresu Oko\u0142oporodowej Opieki Po\u0142oz\u0307niczo-Ginekologicznej, Sprawowanej nad Kobieta\u0328 w Okresie Cia\u0328z\u0307y, Porodu, Po\u0142ogu, w Przypadkach Wyste\u0328powania Okres\u0301lonych Powik\u0142an\u0301 Oraz Opieki nad Kobieta\u0328 w Sytuacji Niepowodzen\u0301 Po\u0142oz\u0307niczych, Available online: http:\/\/prawo.sejm.gov.pl\/isap.nsf\/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20150002007."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/29.2.292","article-title":"Cerebral palsy and multiple births in China","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-017-0715-7","article-title":"Socioeconomic status can affect pregnancy outcomes and complications, even with a universal healthcare system","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Equity Health"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fuchs, A., Czech, I., Sikora, J., Fuchs, P., Lorek, M., Skrzypulec-Plinta, V., and Drosdzol-Cop, A. (2019). Sexual Functioning in Pregnant Women. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16214216"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-019-1079-4","article-title":"Sexual dysfunction and related factors in pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol","volume":"8","author":"Banaei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Drosdzol, A. (2010). Skale oceny jako\u015bci \u017cycia i seksualno\u015bci. Podstawy Seksuologii, PZWL."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2011.03.009","article-title":"Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy","volume":"40","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.5603\/GP.2020.0062","article-title":"Comparison of female sexual function and sexual function of their partners between groups of pregnant and non-pregnant women","volume":"91","author":"Sakin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ginekol. Pol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.5152\/tud.2016.49207","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of female sexual dysfunction among Turkish pregnant women","volume":"42","author":"Efe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Turk. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esxm.2018.08.003","article-title":"Sexual Dysfunction and Satisfaction in Japanese Couples During Pregnancy and Postpartum","volume":"6","author":"Saotome","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sex. Med."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-019-05367-7","article-title":"Evaluation of the relationship between sexual functions and depressive symptoms among pregnant patients during the second trimester","volume":"300","author":"Bulut","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2016.12.239","article-title":"Sexual Distress and Sexual Problems during Pregnancy: Associations with Sexual and Relationship Satisfaction","volume":"14","author":"Vannier","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Sex. Med."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12048","article-title":"Female sexual function and associated factors during pregnancy","volume":"39","author":"Akca","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-019-05273-y","article-title":"Prevalence of sexual dysfunction in pregnancy","volume":"300","author":"Daud","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.13.4.383","article-title":"Sexual behaviour of women with twin pregnancies","volume":"13","author":"Ott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Twin Res. Hum. Genet."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/6\/3546\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:37:44Z","timestamp":1760135864000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/6\/3546"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph19063546"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19063546","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1660-4601"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]]}}}