{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:41:21Z","timestamp":1761514881481,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]],"date-time":"2022-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013948","name":"Tempus Public Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BE AK2018\/287993"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE AK2018\/287993"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013948","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["924183","442898"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["924183","442898"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003827","name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["124851","131739"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["124851","131739"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003827","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"ERA-NET COFUND \/EJP COFUND+ the National Research Development and  Innovation Office &amp; International Visegrad Fund (V4-Japan)","award":["2019-2.1.7-ERA-NET-2021-00029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-2.1.7-ERA-NET-2021-00029"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Amino acid complexes of zirconia represent an entirely new class of materials that were synthesized and studied for the first time for the decontamination of fluoride ion containing aqueous solutions. Glutamic and aspartic acid complexes of zirconia assembled with thin carbon (stacked graphene oxide) platelets deriving from graphite oxide (GO) were synthesized by a two-step method to prepare adsorbents. The characterization of the complexes was carried out using infrared spectroscopy to determine the functional groups and the types of interaction between the composites and fluoride ions. To reveal the mechanisms and extent of adsorption, two types of batch adsorption measurements were performed: (i) varying equilibrium fluoride ion concentrations to construct adsorption isotherms at pH = 7 in the absence of added electrolytes and (ii) using fixed initial fluoride ion concentrations (10 mg\/L) with a variation of either the pH or the concentration of a series of salts that potentially interfere with adsorption. The experimental adsorption isotherms were fitted by three different theoretical isotherm equations, and they are described most appropriately by the two-site Langmuir model for both adsorbents. The adsorption capacities of Zr-glutamic acid-graphite oxide and Zr-aspartic acid-graphite oxide are 105.3 and 101.0 mg\/g, respectively. We found that two distinct binding modes are combined in the Zr-amino acid complexes: at low solution concentrations, F\u2212 ions are preferentially adsorbed by coordinating to the surface Zr species up to a capacity of ca. 10 mg\/g. At higher concentrations, however, large amounts of fluoride ions may undergo anion exchange processes and physisorption may occur on the positively charged ammonium moieties of the interfacially bound amino acid molecules. The high adsorption capacity and affinity of the studied dicarboxylate-type amino acids demonstrate that amino acid complexes of zirconia are highly variable materials for the safe and efficient capture of strong Lewis base-type ions such as fluoride.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19063640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,20]],"date-time":"2022-03-20T21:30:14Z","timestamp":1647811814000},"page":"3640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Amino Acid Complexes of Zirconium in a Carbon Composite for the Efficient Removal of Fluoride Ions from Water"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7873-7449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efr\u00e9n","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Agui\u00f1aga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Lagos de Moreno 47460, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio","family":"P\u00e9rez-Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Lagos de Moreno 47460, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1876-5189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Patakfalvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Lagos de Moreno 47460, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8182-640X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tam\u00e1s","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich B\u00e9la t\u00e9r 1, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2901-9616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erzs\u00e9bet","family":"Ill\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Engineering, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9499-117X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"P\u00e9rez Ladr\u00f3n de Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Lagos de Moreno 47460, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4412-8172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo Eduardo","family":"Cardoso-Avila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones en \u00d3ptica A.C., Le\u00f3n 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Casta\u00f1eda-Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Lagos de Moreno 47460, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quetzalcoatl Enrique","family":"Saavedra Arroyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico Superior de Irapuato, Irapuato 36821, Guanajuato, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goncharuk, V. 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