{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T17:12:29Z","timestamp":1788887549740,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]],"date-time":"2022-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.71971059, 71701108 & 71861006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.71971059, 71701108 & 71861006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China - Traffic Modeling, Surveillance and Control with Connected &amp; Automated Vehicles","award":["2017YFE9134700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFE9134700"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China","award":["No. BK20180775"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. BK20180775"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China","award":["No. LY20E080011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. LY20E080011"]}]},{"name":"Basic public welfare research project of Zhejiang Province 2018","award":["LGF18E090005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGF18E090005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This article aims to analyze the factors affecting the LOS (level of service) of non-motorized vehicles crossing the signalized intersection and to construct an appropriate method to evaluate the LOS. Aiming at the mixed non-motorized traffic flow of electric vehicles and bicycles in the Chinese metropolis, the delay model in the highway capacity manual (HCM) was modified by taking two new factors into account: the pedestrian traffic rule compliance rate and the fuzzy perception of arrival rate in reality. The results show that the data obtained by the modified model are more consistent with the actual one. Next, a comparison was established between the linear regression method and cumulative logistic regression to determine the variables that affect the LOS, and finally, a LOS evaluation index system based on threshold schemes was defined. The recommended LOS model can provide corresponding references for traffic engineers who seek to improve the level of service in urban intersections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19084534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]],"date-time":"2022-04-09T05:13:08Z","timestamp":1649481188000},"page":"4534","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Level of Service Model of the Non-Motorized Vehicle Crossing the Signalized Intersection Based on Riders\u2019 Perception Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8795-4955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaofei","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Port Trade Cooperation and Development Collaborative Innovation Center, Faculty of Maritime and Transportation, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6783-2042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Maritime and Transportation, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1386-9587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Architecture and Transportation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0858-1482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xingchen","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2360-3712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3141\/2512-06","article-title":"Modeling Pedestrian Level of Service at Signalized Intersection Crosswalks under Mixed Traffic Conditions","volume":"2512","author":"Ye","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transp. 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