{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:01:09Z","timestamp":1791907269073,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Cobb angle value is a critical parameter for evaluating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. This study aimed to evaluate a software\u2019s validity and absolute reliability to determine the Cobb angle in AIS digital X-rays, with two different degrees of experienced observers. Four experts and four novice evaluators measured 35 scoliotic curves with the software on three separate occasions, one month apart. The observers re-measured the same radiographic studies on three separate occasions three months later but on conventional X-ray films. The differences between the mean bias errors (MBE) within the experience groups were statistically significant between the experts (software) and novices (manual) (p &lt; 0.001) and between the novices (software) and novices (manual) (p = 0.005). When measured with the software, the intra-group error in the expert group was MBE = 1.71 \u00b1 0.61\u00b0 and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC (2,1)) = 0.986, and in the novice group, MBE = 1.9 \u00b1 0.67\u00b0 and ICC (2,1) = 0.97. There was almost a perfect concordance among the two measurement methods, ICC (2,1) = 0.998 and minimum detectable change (MCD95) &lt; 0.4\u00b0. Control of the intrinsic error sources enabled obtaining inter- and intra-observer MDC95 &lt; 0.5\u00b0 in the two experience groups and with the two measurement methods. The computer-aided software TraumaMeter increases the validity and reliability of Cobb angle measurements concerning manual measurement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19084655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T21:15:35Z","timestamp":1649798135000},"page":"4655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Validity and Absolute Reliability of the Cobb Angle in Idiopathic Scoliosis with TraumaMeter Software"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Hurtado-Avil\u00e9s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports & Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3593-3287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Santonja-Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports & Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Pediatrics and Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicente J.","family":"Le\u00f3n-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital General Universitario Reina Sof\u00eda, 30003 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1379-5151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Sainz de Baranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports & Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence \u201cCampus Mare Nostrum\u201d, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Collazo-Di\u00e9guez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports & Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Albacete University Hospital Complex, 02006 Albacete, 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Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Santonja-Renedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cLa Vega Lorenzo Guirao\u201d Hospital, 30530 Cieza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ballester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3664-5471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro Gino","family":"Fiorita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose Manuel","family":"Sanz-Mengibar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports & Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3BG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Alcaraz-Belzunces","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2072-9918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente","family":"Ferrer-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"And\u00fajar-Ortu\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports & Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Albacete University Hospital Complex, 02006 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2019.10.003","article-title":"Correlation between Spinal Coronal Balance and Static Baropodometry in Children with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis","volume":"75","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-012-0460-9","article-title":"Pathogenesis and Biomechanics of Adolescent 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