{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T04:01:05Z","timestamp":1787630465388,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Professional ballet dancers can be classified as dance artists and sports performers. This systematic review aims to consider the biomechanical risk factors for foot and ankle injuries in ballet dancers, as this could potentially reduce the impact that \u2018cost of injury\u2019 may have on ballet companies. An additional outcome was to examine the effects of injury on the career of ballet dancers. This study searched articles in four electronic databases for information in peer-reviewed journals. The included articles examined the relationships between biomechanical factors and the relationship between ballet shoes and foot performance. There were 9 articles included in this review. Among these articles, two focused on the peak force of the foot using two types of pointe shoes, three focused on overuse injuries of the ballet dancer\u2019s foot, one article focused on the loading of the foot of a dancer, and three articles focused on the function and biomechanics of the foot in dancers. This review also found that the pointe shoe condition was the most important factor contributing to a foot injury; overuse injury related to high-intensity training and affected both the ankle and the foot; and metatarsophalangeal joint injury related to the function and structure of the foot. Finally, strengthening the lower extremity muscle is also a recommendation to improve muscle coordination and reduce injuries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19084916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T22:04:02Z","timestamp":1650319442000},"page":"4916","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Biomechanical Risks Associated with Foot and Ankle Injuries in Ballet Dancers: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Fengfeng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ntwali","family":"Adrien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Savaria Institute of Technology, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, 9700 Szombathely, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Department of Physical and Health Education, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000, Thailand"},{"name":"CEEC Economic and Trade Cooperation Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2981","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-07054-1","article-title":"Explaining the differences of gait patterns between high and low-mileage runners with machine learning","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. 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