{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:39:18Z","timestamp":1791308358281,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]],"date-time":"2022-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Emergency department staff are often affected by incidents of violence. The aim of the study was to generate data on the frequency of violence by patients and accompanying relatives and the correlation between experienced aggression, a possible risk of burnout and a high sense of stress. Additionally, the buffering effect of good preventive preparation of care staff by the facility on aggressive visitors and patients was examined. In this cross-sectional study, members of the German Society for Interdisciplinary Emergency and Acute Medicine were surveyed. The investigation of risk factors, particularly experiences of verbal and physical violence, as well as exhaustion and stress, was carried out using ordinal regression models. A total of 349 staff from German emergency departments took part in the survey, 87% of whom had experienced physical violence by patients and 64% by relatives. 97% had been confronted with verbal violence by patients and 94% by relatives. Violence by relatives had a negative effect on perceived stress. High resilience or effective preparation of employees for potential attacks was shown to have a protective effect with regard to the burnout risk and perceived stress. Therefore, management staff play a major role in preventing violence and its impact on employees.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19094945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]],"date-time":"2022-04-19T22:07:26Z","timestamp":1650406046000},"page":"4945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Risk of Burnout among Emergency Department Staff as a Result of Violence and Aggression from Patients and Their Relatives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Anja","family":"Schablon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Felix","family":"Kersten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1881-7302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert","family":"Nienhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine, Hazardous Substances and Public Health, Institution for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Healthcare and Welfare Services, 22089 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans Werner","family":"Kottkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Protestant Hospital of the Bethel Foundation, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilfried","family":"Schnieder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinikum Herford, Emergency Department, Medizin Campus OWL of the Ruhr University Bochum, 32049 Herford, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greta","family":"Ullrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zentrale Notaufnahme, Paracelsus-Klinik Henstedt-Ulzburg, 24558 Henstedt-Ulzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Sch\u00e4fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prevention Service, Institution for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Healthcare and Welfare Services, Helmholtzstrasse 2, 80636 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Ritzenh\u00f6fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prevention Department, Accident Insurance Institution Hessen, Leonardo-da-Vinci-Allee 20, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6762-4430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanja","family":"Wirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schablon, A., Wendeler, D., Kozak, A., Nienhaus, A., and Steinke, S. 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