{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T17:16:45Z","timestamp":1789665405877,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Southeastern Coastal Center for Agricultural Health and Safety","award":["PRO00018072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRO00018072"]}]},{"name":"Southeastern Coastal Center for Agricultural Health and Safety","award":["K01DA052673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01DA052673"]}]},{"name":"Southeastern Coastal Center for Agricultural Health and Safety","award":["T32DA035167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DA035167"]}]},{"name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)","award":["PRO00018072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRO00018072"]}]},{"name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)","award":["K01DA052673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01DA052673"]}]},{"name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)","award":["T32DA035167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DA035167"]}]},{"name":"UF Substance Abuse Training Center in Public Health from the NIDA","award":["PRO00018072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRO00018072"]}]},{"name":"UF Substance Abuse Training Center in Public Health from the NIDA","award":["K01DA052673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01DA052673"]}]},{"name":"UF Substance Abuse Training Center in Public Health from the NIDA","award":["T32DA035167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DA035167"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Opioid use remains a significant public health crisis. However, few quantitative or qualitative data exist on the prevalence of opioid use and associated mental health conditions in agricultural industries and how it affects the industries themselves. Data on opioid use and associated consequences were collected among agricultural business owners and workers using both quantitative (n = 129) and qualitative assessment (n = 7). The prevalence of opioid use, pain, stress, and depressive symptoms as well as associated hazards were characterized among individuals who work in horticulture (nursery and landscape) and those who work in food production (livestock and crops). Qualitative interviews were also conducted to better understand individual experiences with opioid use. Opioid use was significantly higher among horticultural industries compared to food production. Pain and depressive scores were higher among those who had used opioids although stress did not differ. Importantly, substantial percentages of participants who reported opioid use also reported consequences associated with their use, including missing work, being injured at work while using, and having difficulty in completing daily tasks. These results provide initial evidence that opioid use is substantially affecting agricultural industries in terms of mental health, personal health, labor availability, and productivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T13:40:57Z","timestamp":1651066857000},"page":"5343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Effects of the Opioid Crisis on Agricultural Industries"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4973-1480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidi Liss","family":"Radunovich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terasa","family":"Younker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5945-6454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jillian M.","family":"Rung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith S.","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031914-122957","article-title":"The prescription opioid and heroin crisis: A public health approach to the epidemic of addiction","volume":"36","author":"Kolodny","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu. 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