{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T20:12:41Z","timestamp":1774987961428,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,7]],"date-time":"2022-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The potential health benefits of laughter are recognized in relation to several chronic diseases. However, no study has yet investigated the association between laughter and functional dyspepsia (FD). The purpose of this study was to investigate this issue in a young Japanese population. Methods: This study was conducted on 8923 Japanese university students. Information on the frequency of laughter and types of laughter-inducing situations, digestive symptoms (Rome III criteria) were obtained through a self-administered, web-based questionnaire. Results: The percentage of respondents who laughed out loud almost every day was 64.3%. On the other hand, 1.8% of the subjects reported that they rarely laughed. No association was found between the total frequency of laughter and FD. Laughing while talking with family and friends almost every day was significantly inversely associated with FD (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0.47 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.28\u20130.81); p for trend was 0.003). On the other hand, laughing while watching TV or videos and laughing while looking at comics or magazines independently showed a positive correlation with FD (TV or videos: adjusted OR, 1\u20135 times a week: 1.74 (95% CI: 1.16\u20132.60); comics or magazines: adjusted OR, 1\u20135 times a week: 1.78 (95% CI: 1.08\u20132.81)). Conclusion: In this young Japanese population, no association between laughter frequency and FD was observed although laughing while talking with friends and family was independently and inversely associated with FD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,8]],"date-time":"2022-05-08T08:04:21Z","timestamp":1651997061000},"page":"5686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Association between Laughter and Functional Dyspepsia in a Young Japanese Population"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yasunori","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endoscopy Center, Ehime University Hospital, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Furukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aki","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsunori","family":"Kusumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teruki","family":"Miyake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Takeshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Matsuyama 791-0295, Ehime, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endoscopy Center, Ehime University Hospital, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4702-3624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naofumi","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsutoshi","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shikokuchuo Public Health Center, Shikokuchuo 799-0404, Ehime, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Saeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan"},{"name":"Community Health Systems for Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4117-339X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoichi","family":"Hiasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307843","article-title":"Global prevalence of, and risk factors for, uninvestigated dyspepsia: A meta-analysis","volume":"64","author":"Ford","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furukawa, S., Yamamoto, Y., Watanabe, J., Kato, A., Kusumoto, K., Takeshita, E., Ikeda, Y., Yamamoto, N., Okada, K., and Kohara, K. 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