{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T19:25:59Z","timestamp":1787685959192,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The optimal treatment strategy for the follow-up and management of women with glucokinase maturity-onset diabetes of the young (GCK\u2212MODY)during pregnancy remains unknown. Data regarding maternal and fetal outcomes are lacking. Aim: This paper summarizes the existing literature regarding the maternal and fetal outcomes of women with glucokinase MODY to guide future treatment strategy. Methods: A literature search was conducted in Pubmed, Embace, and Cochrane library with citation follow-up using the terms: glucokinase, MODY, diabetes, pregnancy, gestation, and outcomes. We searched for articles with known fetal mutational status. Relevant outcomes included: birthweight, large for gestational age (LGA), small for gestational age (SGA), macrosomia, cesarean delivery (CD), shoulder dystocia, congenital anomalies, miscarriages, preterm births, and long-term outcomes. Results: Fourteen relevant manuscripts were identified describing maternal and fetal outcomes. The percentage of LGA and macrosomia in 102 glucokinase -unaffected offspring (GCK\u2212) was significantly higher than in the glucokinase -affected offspring (GCK+) (44% vs. 10%, p &lt; 0.001 and 22% vs. 2%, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). Among the 173 GCK(+) offspring, only 5% were SGA, which can be expected according to the normal distribution. We observed higher rates of CD and shoulder dystocia in the GCK(\u2212) offspring. Conclusions: GCK(\u2212) offspring have significantly higher birthweights and more birth complications. The optimal treatment strategy to guide management should take into consideration multiple variables other than fetal mutational status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19105980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T09:27:56Z","timestamp":1652520476000},"page":"5980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Challenges of Treating Glucokinase MODY during Pregnancy: A Review of Maternal and Fetal Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0457-432X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alena","family":"Kirzhner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 9190401, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 9190401, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7508-825X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oren","family":"Barak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 9190401, Israel"},{"name":"Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edi","family":"Vaisbuch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 9190401, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiba","family":"Zornitzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 9190401, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8378-2903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tal","family":"Schiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 9190401, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-018-0982-8","article-title":"Clinical management of women with monogenic diabetes during pregnancy","volume":"18","author":"Dickens","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. 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