{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T22:22:53Z","timestamp":1782858173236,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ambient air pollution in urban areas may trigger asthma exacerbations. We carried out a time-series analysis of the association between the concentrations of various air pollutants and the risk of hospital admission due to asthma over 7 days from exposure. We used distributed lag nonlinear models to analyze data gathered between 2010 and 2018 in the three largest urban agglomerations in Poland. Overall, there were 31,919 asthma hospitalizations. Over 7 days since exposure, the rate ratio (95%CI) for admission per 10 \u00b5g\/m3 was 1.013 (1.002\u20131.024) for PM10; 1.014 (1.000\u20131.028) for PM2.5; 1.054 (1.031\u20131.078) for NO2; and 1.044 for SO2 (95%CI: 0.986\u20131.104). For all pollutants, the risk of admission was the greatest on the day of exposure (day 0), decreased below baseline on days 1 and 2, and then increased gradually up to day 6. The proportions (95%CI) of hospitalizations attributable to air pollution were 4.52% (0.80%\u20138.14%) for PM10; 3.74% (0.29%\u20137.11%) for PM2.5; 16.4% (10.0%\u201321.8%) for NO2; and 2.50% (\u22120.75%\u20135.36%) for SO2. In conclusion, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2 pollution was associated with an increased risk of hospital admission due to asthma in the three largest urban agglomerations in Poland over nine years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19105988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T09:27:56Z","timestamp":1652520476000},"page":"5988","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Ambient Air Pollution and Risk of Admission Due to Asthma in the Three Largest Urban Agglomerations in Poland: A Time-Stratified, Case-Crossover Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Piotr","family":"D\u0105browiecki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergology and Infectious Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Polish Federation of Asthma Allergy and COPD Patients Associations, 01-604 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6444-4124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Chcia\u0142owski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergology and Infectious Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"D\u0105browiecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Medical School, 00-136 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5971-9683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur","family":"Badyda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polish Federation of Asthma Allergy and COPD Patients Associations, 01-604 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31678-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","author":"Vos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2018). 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