{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T03:27:20Z","timestamp":1762054040307,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o for the Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brazil (CAPES)"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Epidemiologia e Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade (PPGEVS\/IEC\/SVS\/MS)"},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)"},{"name":"Instituto Evandro Chagas\/SVS\/MS"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The state of Par\u00e1 has recorded seven Leishmania species that cause tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL). Leishmania species induce distinct immunological responses from the host and exhibit resistance to Glucantime, the first-line drug treatment for TL in Brazil. Objective: Identify the etiology of TL in an Amazonian city in the state of Par\u00e1. Material and methods: Eleven patients with TL were recruited and nasal swabs, lesion swabs, and skin fragments samples were collected. In the control group (n = 6), only the nasal swabs were collected. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of the gene region hsp70-234 was performed using the extracted DNA from the samples, from which nine patients with TL and five in the control group were positive. Products were sequenced, mounted in CAP3 software, aligned using MAFFT v.7.221, edited in Geneious software v.8.1.7, and compared and aligned with sequences available in GenBank using the BLAST tool. Results: For patients with TL, six molecular diagnosis at the species level (L. (Viannia) braziliensis (n = 5\/9), L. (Viannia) shawi (n = 1\/9)) and three at the genus level (Leishmania sp. (n = 3\/9)) were obtained. In the control group, four individuals were infected with Leishmania sp. (n = 4\/5) and L. (V.) shawi (n = 1\/5). Conclusion: This is the first report of L. (V.) shawi infection in the mucosal secretion of a healthy person in Brazil. Moreover, genetic variants were identified in the haplotypes of L. (V.) braziliensis in the gene sequence hsp70-234.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19106346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T22:57:22Z","timestamp":1653346642000},"page":"6346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["First Report of an Asymptomatic Leishmania (Viannia) shawi Infection Using a Nasal Swab in Amazon, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8471-4438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana P.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua 67015-120, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciana C. S.","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua 67015-120, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiola S.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua 67015-120, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaqueline L. C.","family":"Takamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Municipal de Tom\u00e9 A\u00e7u, Tom\u00e9-A\u00e7u 68680-000, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiz R. P.","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Municipal de Tom\u00e9 A\u00e7u, Tom\u00e9-A\u00e7u 68680-000, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1857-9634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walter S.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua 67015-120, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lourdes M.","family":"Garcez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua 67015-120, PA, Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Patologia, Universidade do Estado do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66050-540, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Garcez, L.M., Hueb, M., Cordies, N., Sanchez, L., Nascimento, L., and Santos, R. 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