{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:17:55Z","timestamp":1789705075051,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]],"date-time":"2022-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The intent of the KAP (knowledge, attitude, practices) survey is to collect information about a specific target group related to their knowledge, what they consider to be known, and what they do about a particular topic. The aim of this study was to identify the level of importance of oral health, especially the level of knowledge, attitude and practices of rural patients around Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Material and methods: A questionnaire consisting of five parts was used, trying to assess the self-perception of oral health, knowledge and attitude towards oral health, dental hygiene practices and eating habits. A clinical examination was also performed in order to identify the number of missing teeth, the caries and the presence of calculus. Results: The study revealed that most patients have an average and good self-perception of oral health, although three-quarters of them have calculus deposits, and about half of them have more than three carious lesions and at least one extracted tooth. There is also a discrepancy between declared knowledge of oral health, eating habits and dental practices. Conclusions: The basic knowledge of rural patients about oral health can be considered satisfactory, but the practices, unfortunately, do not reflect this knowledge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19116887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]],"date-time":"2022-06-04T09:42:32Z","timestamp":1654335752000},"page":"6887","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Oral Health-Related Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Patients in Rural Areas around Cluj-Napoca, Romania"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Radu Marcel","family":"Chisnoiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 33 Motilor Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ada Gabriela","family":"Delean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 33 Motilor Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3960-6910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandrina","family":"Muntean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 31 Avram Iancu Street, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doina Iulia","family":"Rotaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 33 Motilor Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3356-9178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea Maria","family":"Chisnoiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanda Ileana","family":"Cimpean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 33 Motilor Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1046\/j..2003.com122.x","article-title":"The World Oral Health Report 2003: Continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century\u2014The approach of the WHO Global Oral Health Programme","volume":"31","author":"Petersen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1875-595X.2006.tb00075.x","article-title":"Oral health behaviour of children and adults in urban and rural areas of Burkina Faso, Africa","volume":"56","author":"Varenne","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"9","article-title":"Oral health knowledge, attitude and practice among secondary school students in Kuching, Sarawak","volume":"5","author":"Liana","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch. Orofac. Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"WHO (2008). Advocacy, Communication and Social Mobilization for TB Control: A Guide to Developing Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Surveys, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cattoni, F., Chirico, L., Merlone, A., Manacorda, M., Vinci, R., and Gherlone, E.F. (2021). Digital Smile Designed Computer-Aided Surgery versus Traditional Workflow in \u201cAll on Four\u201d Rehabilitations: A Randomized Clinical Trial with 4-Years Follow-Up. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18073449"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"866","article-title":"Corticocancellous porcine bone in the healing of human extraction sockets: Combining histomorphometry with osteoblast gene expression profiles in vivo","volume":"26","author":"Crespi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implant."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"E614","article-title":"Oral health knowledge, attitudes and practice in 12-year-old schoolchildren","volume":"12","author":"Smyth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med. Oral Patol. Oral Cir. Bucal."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Molarius, A., Engstrom, S., Flink, H., Simonsson, B., and Tegelberg, A. (2014). Socioeconomic differences in self-rated oral health and dental care utilization after the dental care reform in 2008 in Sweden. BMC Oral Health, 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6831-14-134"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"WHO (2013). Oral Health Surveys: Basic Methods, World Health Organization. [5th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.42957","article-title":"Oral health-related KAP among 11- to 12-year-old school children in a government-aided missionary school of Bangalore city","volume":"19","author":"Harikiran","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"146","article-title":"Oral hygiene status, knowledge, perceptions and practices among school settings in rural South India","volume":"13","author":"Kuppuswamy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oral Health Dent. Manag."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"26","article-title":"Caries experience of pre-school children in Ias\u0327i, Romania","volume":"3","author":"Danila","year":"2008","journal-title":"OHDMBSC"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4801044a","article-title":"Oral health care in transition in Eastern Europe","volume":"190","author":"Eaton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Daly, B., Watt, R., Batchelor, P., and Treasure, E. (2002). Essential Dental Public Health, Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1159\/000072162","article-title":"A life course approach to assessing causes of dental caries experience: The relationship between biological, behavioral, socio-economic and psychological conditions and caries in adolescents","volume":"37","author":"Nicolau","year":"2003","journal-title":"Caries Res."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"1031","article-title":"Manual vs. Mechanical Oral Hygiene Procedures: Has the Role of the Dental Hygienist in Phase 2 Post-lockdown Really Changed?","volume":"18","author":"Polizzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Health Prev. Dent."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10052-0079","article-title":"Oral health-related knowledge, attitude, and practices among patients attending the department of public health dentistry of a dental hospital in Udaipur, India","volume":"4","author":"Sen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Prev. Clin. Dent. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2000.028006399.x","article-title":"The common risk factor approach: A rational basis for promoting oral health","volume":"28","author":"Sheiham","year":"2000","journal-title":"Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2013.03.014","article-title":"Influence of family environment on children\u2019s oral health: A systematic review","volume":"89","author":"Castilho","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.3109\/00016357.2015.1122836","article-title":"Influence of children\u2019s oral health promotion on parents\u2019 behaviors, attitudes and knowledge","volume":"74","author":"Tolvanen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Odontol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"5","article-title":"Orodental health awareness and practices","volume":"2","author":"Parveen","year":"2011","journal-title":"JUMDC"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"8","article-title":"Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding oral health among out patients at Rama Dental College, Kanpur","volume":"2","author":"Nagarajappa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rama Univ. J. Dent. Sci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mueller, M., Schorle, S., Vach, K., Hartmann, A., Zeeck, A., and Schlueter, N. (2022). Relationship between dental experiences, oral hygiene education and self-reported oral hygiene behavior. PLoS ONE, 17.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264306"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4353","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_114_20","article-title":"Familial oral hygiene practices and its influence among rural youths-exploring primary preventive measures","volume":"9","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Family Med. Prim. Care"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-124X.106894","article-title":"Oral hygiene-awareness and practice among patients attending OPD ao Vyas Dental College and Hospital, Jodhpur","volume":"16","author":"Jain","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Indian Soc. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-7325.1991.tb02217.x","article-title":"Oral health knowledge and habits of senior elementary school students","volume":"51","author":"Hamilton","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Public Health Dent."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C\u0103r\u0103mid\u0103, M., Dumitrache, M.A., \u021a\u00e2ncu, A.M.C., Ilici, R.R., Ilinca, R., and Sfeatcu, R. (2022). Oral Habits during the Lockdown from the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in the Romanian Population. Medicina, 58.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58030387"},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Scaglia, P., and Aryan, N. (2022, April 21). Assessment of current oral health knowledge attitude and oral hygiene practices among 12-year old school children and patients attending the dental facility at Vezo Hospital in the rural village of Andavadoaka, Madagascar A pilot study. Available online: https:\/\/capp.mau.se\/media\/1286\/assessment-of-current-oral-health-knowledge-attitude-and-oral-hygiene-practices-among-12-year-old-school-children-and-patients-attending-the-dental-facility-at-vezo-hospital-in-the-rural-village-of-andavadoaka-ma.pdf."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.4103\/2231-0762.142012","article-title":"Oral health related knowledge, attitude, and practice among the pre-university students of Mysore city","volume":"4","author":"Reddy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Int. Soc. Prev. Community Dent."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-7325.1997.tb02471.x","article-title":"Dissatisfaction with oral health status in an older adult population","volume":"57","author":"Jokovic","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Public Health Dent."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/11\/6887\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:24:34Z","timestamp":1760138674000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/11\/6887"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph19116887"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19116887","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]]}}}