{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T04:09:43Z","timestamp":1762056583346,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chinese governments through the Operational Program \u201cNovel Technology of Biomass Gas Production through Combining Anerobic Digestion with Gasification\u201d by the \u201cThirteenth-five\u201d Key R&amp;D Plan-international cooperation\u201d project","award":["2018YFE0111000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFE0111000"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Temperature is one of the important factors affecting both chemical pretreatment and anaerobic digestion (AD) process of corn stalk (CS). In this work, the combined ways between pretreatment temperature (40 \u00b0C and 60 \u00b0C) and AD temperature (35 \u00b0C and 55 \u00b0C) were selected to investigate the AD performance for sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pretreated CS. Three organic loading rates (OLRs) of 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 g\u00b7L\u22121\u00b7d\u22121 were studied within 255 days using continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR). The results revealed that biogas yields of CS after pretreated were higher than that of untreated groups by 36.79\u201355.93% and 11.49\u201332.35%, respectively. When the temperature of NaOH pretreatment changed from 40 \u00b0C to 60 \u00b0C, there was no significant difference in enhancing the methane yields during the three OLRs. The mesophilic AD (MAD) of CS pretreated with 2% NaOH under 40 \u00b0C and 60 \u00b0C conditions produced 275 and 280 mL\u00b7gvs\u22121 methane yield at OLR of 1.6 g\u00b7L\u22121\u00b7d\u22121. However, as the OLR increased, the methane yield of CS under thermophilic AD (TAD) condition was further higher than under MAD condition. Furthermore, from the perspectives of energy balance and economic analysis, AD of 40 \u00b0C-treated CS recovered more energy and TAD is less expensive. Therefore, temperature of 40 \u00b0C was considered as an appropriate for pretreatment whether in mesophilic or thermophilic AD system. On the other hand, TAD was chosen as the optimal AD temperatures for higher OLRs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19138027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T20:53:02Z","timestamp":1656622382000},"page":"8027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Determining Optimal Temperature Combination for Effective Pretreatment and Anaerobic Digestion of Corn Stalk"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiujin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akiber Chufo","family":"Wachemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"Faculty of Water Supply and Environmental Engineering, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch P.O. Box 21, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8250-4311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2019.121518","article-title":"Natural freezing-thawing pretreatment of corn stalk for enhancing anaerobic digestion performance","volume":"288","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.133559","article-title":"Improving anaerobic digestion of corn straw by using solid-state urea pretreatment","volume":"293","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.129282","article-title":"Utilizing hydrolysis and acidification via liquid fraction of digestate (LFD-HA) for methane production enhancement of corn straw: Physicochemical and microbial community characterization","volume":"326","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.09.040","article-title":"Enhancement of hydrolysis of lignocellulose waste pulp and paper mill sludge through different heating processes on thermal pretreatment","volume":"168","author":"Veluchamy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2020.123090","article-title":"Enhancing the anaerobic digestion of corn stover by chemical pretreatment with the black liquor from the paper industry","volume":"306","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuproc.2016.12.007","article-title":"A review on the pretreatment of lignocellulose for high-value chemicals","volume":"160","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fuel Process. Technol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2020.110627","article-title":"Thermal pre-treatment options to enhance anaerobic digestibility\u2014A review","volume":"137","author":"Scherzinger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biombioe.2011.02.013","article-title":"Impact of mechanical, chemical and enzymatic pre-treatments on the methane yield from the anaerobic digestion of switchgrass","volume":"36","author":"Frigon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zborowska, M., Waliszewska, H., Waliszewska, B., Borysiak, S., Brozdowski, J., and Stachowiak-Wencek, A. (2021). Conversion of Carbohydrates in Lignocellulosic Biomass after Chemical Pretreatment. Energies, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/en15010254"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2012.11.025","article-title":"Hydrothermal pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification of corn stover for efficient ethanol production","volume":"44","author":"Saha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2017.05.068","article-title":"Enhanced methane production and its kinetics model of thermally pretreated lignocellulose waste material","volume":"241","author":"Veluchamy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjche.2020.08.036","article-title":"Combined pretreatment using CaO and liquid fraction of digestate of rice straw: Anaerobic digestion performance and electron transfer","volume":"36","author":"Guan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. J. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2019.122238","article-title":"Effect of low severity hydrothermal pretreatment on anaerobic digestion performance of corn stover","volume":"294","author":"Yuan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2017.08.112","article-title":"Sequential high gravity ethanol fermentation and anaerobic digestion of steam explosion and organosolv pretreated corn stover","volume":"244","author":"Katsimpouras","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Shimada, M., Na, R., Kushima, K., and Shimizu, N. (2019, January 23\u201327). Effects of Pyrolysis on Biogas Production during Anaerobic Co-digestion of Corn Stover. Proceedings of the 18th Asian Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering Congress (APCChE 2019), Sapporo, Japan."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.126885","article-title":"A review about pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass in anaerobic digestion: Achievement and challenge in Germany and China","volume":"299","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.121721","article-title":"Production of hydrogen and methane from lignocellulose waste by fermentation. A review of chemical pretreatment for enhancing the efficiency of the digestion process","volume":"267","author":"Konkol","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"033102","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0048341","article-title":"NaOH\u2013urea pretreatment for biogas enhancement from algal biomass anaerobic digestion","volume":"13","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Renew. Sustain. Energy"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"169","article-title":"Effects of urea ammonia pretreatment on the batch anaerobic fermentation efficiency of corn stovers","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Agric. Biol. Eng."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3775","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.1c04642","article-title":"A Highly Effective Inorganic Composite Promoter: Synergistic Effect of Boric Acid and Calcium Hydroxide in Promoting Methane Hydrate Formation under Static Conditions","volume":"61","author":"Niu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2021.125587","article-title":"Lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment by deep eutectic solvents on lignin extraction and saccharification enhancement: A review","volume":"339","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2018.06.091","article-title":"Evaluation of fractionation and delignification efficiencies of deep eutectic solvents on oil palm empty fruit bunch","volume":"123","author":"Tan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2022.127034","article-title":"Integrated hydrothermal and deep eutectic solvent-mediated fractionation of lignocellulosic biocomponents for enhanced accessibility and efficient conversion in anaerobic digestion","volume":"351","author":"Basak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2022.119524","article-title":"Physicochemical Properties of Deep Eutectic Solvents: A Review","volume":"360","author":"Omar","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mol. Liq."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2015.08.085","article-title":"A review on alkaline pretreatment technology for bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass","volume":"199","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1021\/ef4016476","article-title":"Improving Anaerobic Codigestion of Corn Stover Using Sodium Hydroxide Pretreatment","volume":"28","author":"You","year":"2014","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.01.259","article-title":"Comparison of various pretreatment strategies and their effect on chemistry and structure of sugar beet pulp","volume":"181","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2018.09.050","article-title":"Characterization and alkaline pretreatment of rice husk varieties in Uganda for potential utilization as precursors in the production of activated carbon and other value-added products","volume":"81","author":"Menya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15812","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c00526","article-title":"Effect of a Nonionic Surfactant on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulose Based on Lignocellulosic Features and Enzyme Adsorption","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"138","article-title":"The Influence of Inoculum Sources on Anaerobic Biogasification of NaOH-treated Corn Stover","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Energy Sources Part A Recovery Util. Environ. Eff."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"1918","article-title":"The Effects of Alkaline Pretreatment Parameters on Anaerobic Biogasification of Corn Stover","volume":"32","author":"Zheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Energy Sources Part A Recovery Util. Environ. Eff."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2015.09.035","article-title":"Mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion of cattle manure and corn stover with biological and chemical pretreatment","volume":"198","author":"Wei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2019.121339","article-title":"Anaerobic digestion performance and microbial community structure of corn stover in three-stage continuously stirred tank reactors","volume":"287","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2004.02.018","article-title":"Feasibility of biohydrogen production by anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and sewage sludge","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Ren, N., and Wang, A. (2004). Anaerobic Biotechnology Principles and Applications, Chemical Industry Press."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2008.02.044","article-title":"Optimisation of the anaerobic digestion of agricultural resources","volume":"99","author":"Ward","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45839-5_1","article-title":"Perspectives for Anaerobic Digestion","volume":"Volume 81","author":"Ahring","year":"2003","journal-title":"Advances in Biochemical Engineering\/Biotechnology"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1080\/09593331808616593","article-title":"Temperature-Staged Anaerobic Processes","volume":"18","author":"Duran","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ. Technol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.03.014","article-title":"Effect of operating temperature on anaerobic digestion of the Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa and its microbial community","volume":"47","author":"Watanabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-013-0375-z","article-title":"Improving the Mixing Performances of Rice Straw Anaerobic Digestion for Higher Biogas Production by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation","volume":"171","author":"Shen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8524(98)00154-0","article-title":"Biogasification of rice straw with an anaerobic-phased solids digester system","volume":"68","author":"Zhang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2005.06.019","article-title":"Anaerobic digestion of animal waste: Effect of mode of mixing","volume":"39","author":"Karim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Miner, G. (2006). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Journal American Water Works Association. [21st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Eddy, M. (2003). Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, McGraw-Hill Inc.. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2014.10.015","article-title":"Influence of hydrothermal pretreatment on microalgal biomass anaerobic digestion and bioenergy production","volume":"68","author":"Passos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2009.10.065","article-title":"Combined thermophilic aerobic process and conventional anaerobic digestion: Effect on sludge biodegradation and methane production","volume":"101","author":"Dumas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.5307\/JBE.2010.35.1.053","article-title":"Effective Treatment of Swine Manure with Chinese Cabbage Silage through Two Serial Anaerobic Digestion","volume":"35","author":"Hun","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biosyst. Eng."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.01.015","article-title":"Response of a continuous biomethanation process to transient organic shock loads under controlled and uncontrolled pH conditions","volume":"73","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2014.07.020","article-title":"Investigation into the effect of high concentrations of volatile fatty acids in anaerobic digestion on methanogenic communities","volume":"34","author":"Walter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2015.03.018","article-title":"Identifying proper agitation interval to prevent floating layers formation of corn stover and improve biogas production in anaerobic digestion","volume":"186","author":"Tian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.119112","article-title":"Enhanced anaerobic digestion performance of corn stalk pretreated with freezing-thawing and ammonia: An experimental and theoretical study","volume":"247","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2009.05.045","article-title":"Enhancing anaerobic biogasification of corn stover through wet state NaOH pretreatment","volume":"100","author":"Zheng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2019.07.025","article-title":"Evaluation of system stability and anaerobic conversion performance for corn stover using combined pretreatment","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2014.10.041","article-title":"Upflow anaerobic solid-state (UASS) digestion of horse manure: Thermophilic vs. mesophilic performance","volume":"175","author":"Wirth","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2014.08.031","article-title":"Optimization of the specific methanogenic activity during the anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure and rice straw, using industrial clay residues as inorganic additive","volume":"259","author":"Guerra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.08.063","article-title":"Thermo- and mesophilic anaerobic digestion of wheat straw by the upflow anaerobic solid-state (UASS) process","volume":"124","author":"Pohl","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.15376\/biores.10.3.5777-5790","article-title":"Anaerobic digestion prformance and mechanism of ammoniation pretreatment of corn stover","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioresources"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2011.09.077","article-title":"Effect of biological pretreatments in enhancing corn straw biogas production","volume":"102","author":"Zhong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bej.2008.06.020","article-title":"Increasing biogas production by thermal (70 \u00b0C) sludge pre-treatment prior to thermophilic anaerobic digestion","volume":"42","author":"Ferrer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2009.03.029","article-title":"Effect of high temperature on bacterial community dynamics in anaerobic acidogenesis using mesophilic sludge inoculum","volume":"101","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biombioe.2009.03.004","article-title":"Anaerobic digestion of slaughterhouse by-products","volume":"33","author":"Hejnfelt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2007.01.057","article-title":"Inhibition of anaerobic digestion process: A review","volume":"99","author":"Ye","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2015.10.041","article-title":"Anaerobic digestion of ultrasonicated sludge at different solids concentrations-Computation of mass-energy balance and greenhouse gas emissions","volume":"166","author":"Pilli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/13\/8027\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:40:54Z","timestamp":1760139654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/13\/8027"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph19138027"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19138027","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1660-4601"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]}}}