{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T12:51:51Z","timestamp":1777985511287,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FORMAS, Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development","award":["FR-2018\/0006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FR-2018\/0006"]}]},{"name":"FORMAS, Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development","award":["FR-2019-00390"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FR-2019-00390"]}]},{"name":"FORMAS, Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development","award":["FR-2019-01969"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FR-2019-01969"]}]},{"name":"FORMAS, Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development","award":["FR-2020-02888"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FR-2020-02888"]}]},{"name":"Osmond Foundation and the Ekhaga Foundation","award":["FR-2018\/0006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FR-2018\/0006"]}]},{"name":"Osmond Foundation and the Ekhaga Foundation","award":["FR-2019-00390"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FR-2019-00390"]}]},{"name":"Osmond Foundation and the Ekhaga Foundation","award":["FR-2019-01969"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FR-2019-01969"]}]},{"name":"Osmond Foundation and the Ekhaga Foundation","award":["FR-2020-02888"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FR-2020-02888"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous research has found associations between classic psychedelic use and nature-relatedness, but the link between classic psychedelic use and human\u2013animal relations remains largely unexplored. Using data representative of the US adult population, with regard to age, sex and ethnicity (N = 2822), this pre-registered study assessed lifetime classic psychedelic use, ego dissolution during respondents\u2019 most intense experience using a classic psychedelic, and three measures related to human\u2013animal relations: speciesism, animal solidarity and desire to help animals. The results showed that lifetime classic psychedelic use was negatively associated with speciesism (\u03b2 = \u22120.07, p = 0.002), and positively associated with animal solidarity (\u03b2 = 0.04, p = 0.041), but no association was found with desire to help animals (\u03b2 = 0.01, p = 0.542). Ego dissolution during the respondents\u2019 most intense experience using a classic psychedelic was negatively associated with speciesism (\u03b2 = \u22120.17, p &lt; 0.001), and positively associated with animal solidarity (\u03b2 = 0.18, p &lt; 0.001) and desire to help animals (\u03b2 = 0.10, p = 0.007). The findings indicate that classic psychedelics and ego dissolution may have an impact on human\u2013animal relations. As these results cannot demonstrate causality, however, future studies should use longitudinal research designs to further explore the potential causal link between classic psychedelic use and human\u2013animal relations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19138114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T22:50:46Z","timestamp":1656888646000},"page":"8114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Classic Psychedelics and Human\u2013Animal Relations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Elin","family":"P\u00f6ll\u00e4nen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Center for Social Sustainability, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1583-7319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walter","family":"Osika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Center for Social Sustainability, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8411-0666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia U. D.","family":"Stenfors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4197-7566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Otto","family":"Simonsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Center for Social Sustainability, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 1JD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6506","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1711842115","article-title":"The biomass distribution on Earth","volume":"115","author":"Phillips","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. 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