{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T10:06:53Z","timestamp":1788602813788,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]],"date-time":"2022-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the most common polymorphisms in the IL-6 and HSP70 genes affect the circulating heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), as well as inflammatory and prooxidant-antioxidant parameters in healthy men undergoing chronic endurance training. The subjects were randomly assigned to a 12-week swimming training (ST group) or control group (CON). Fasting blood samples were collected pre- and post-study period to assessment: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, serum levels of lipid hydroperoxides (LHs), tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF\u03b1), and HSP70. Subjects were genotyped for IL-6-174G\/C, HSPA1A + 190 G\/C and HSPA1B + 1538 A\/G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by real-time PCR. After a 12-week study period, a decrease in TNF\u03b1, HSP70, and GPx was observed in the ST group, but not the CON group. IL-6 SNP affected serum TNF\u03b1 levels (main effect of genotype). Higher TNF\u03b1 levels (pre- and post-study period) was observed in CC CON than in other IL-6 genotypes of CON and ST groups. However, a post-training decrease in TNF\u03b1 was observed in both GG and CC IL-6 genotypes of ST group. In turn, only GG IL-6 genotype of the ST group was related to a post-training decrease in HSP70 (main time and genotype interaction). Moreover, pre- and post-training LHs were lower in GG than GC\/CC HSPA1A genotypes of the ST group (main genotype effect). In conclusion, polymorphisms within the IL-6 and HSPA1A genes seem to affect baseline levels of some inflammatory parameters and prooxidant-antioxidant status and\/or their changes after chronic swimming training. However, the results should be confirmed in a study with a larger sample size, one that includes individuals with sedentary lifestyles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19138127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T22:50:46Z","timestamp":1656888646000},"page":"8127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["IL-6 and HSPA1A Gene Polymorphisms May Influence the Levels of the Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Parameters and Their Response to a Chronic Swimming Training"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jadwiga","family":"Kotowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Bia\u0142a Podlaska, J\u00f3zef Pi\u0142sudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 21-500 Bia\u0142a Podlaska, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7291-1776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"J\u00f3wko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Bia\u0142a Podlaska, J\u00f3zef Pi\u0142sudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 21-500 Bia\u0142a Podlaska, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Cie\u015bli\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Bia\u0142a Podlaska, J\u00f3zef Pi\u0142sudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 21-500 Bia\u0142a Podlaska, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4882-3041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wilhelm","family":"Gromisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Bia\u0142a Podlaska, J\u00f3zef Pi\u0142sudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 21-500 Bia\u0142a Podlaska, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerzy","family":"Sadowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Bia\u0142a Podlaska, J\u00f3zef Pi\u0142sudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 21-500 Bia\u0142a Podlaska, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2007.02.001","article-title":"Moderate exercise is an antioxidant: Upregulation of antioxidant genes by training","volume":"44","author":"Domenech","year":"2008","journal-title":"Free Radic. 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