{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:05:22Z","timestamp":1791936322128,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]],"date-time":"2022-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre for Disease Control"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Appropriate supports and accommodations are necessary to ensure full concussion recovery and return-to-work (RTW). This research investigated barriers and facilitators to concussion recovery and RTW, and resource gaps reported by adults with concussion (\u2018workers\u2019) and workplace and healthcare professionals (\u2018workplaces\u2019). Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with workers (n = 31) and workplaces (n = 16) across British Columbia. Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Facilitators to workers\u2019 concussion recovery and RTW included treatment, social support, and workplace and lifestyle modifications. To address barriers, both groups recommended: (a) widespread concussion and RTW education and training (b) standardized concussion recovery guidelines; (c) changing attitudes toward concussion; (d) mental health supports; and (e) increasing awareness that every concussion is unique. Findings can inform best practice for concussion recovery and RTW among professionals in workplaces, healthcare, occupational health and safety, and workers\u2019 compensation boards.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19138204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]],"date-time":"2022-07-05T10:21:33Z","timestamp":1657016493000},"page":"8204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Outlining the Invisible: Experiences and Perspectives Regarding Concussion Recovery, Return-to-Work, and Resource Gaps"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7164-9366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shazya","family":"Karmali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Injury Research and Prevention Unit, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4106-2414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie Denise","family":"Beaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Injury Research and Prevention Unit, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada"},{"name":"School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0227-2574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shelina","family":"Babul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Injury Research and Prevention Unit, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"B.C. 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