{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T05:15:59Z","timestamp":1762060559019,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Deanship of Scientific Research, University of Jordan","award":["No. 19\/2014\/3168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 19\/2014\/3168"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Vitamin D is essential for many functions of the body. In addition to its primary function of regulating the absorption of calcium in the small intestine, its role in the immune system has recently been studied. The current study aimed to test the impact of vitamin D deficiency on the rate of recurrent acute tonsillitis in children. Methods: According to Paradise criteria, two hundred forty-two children with recurrent acute tonsillitis were recruited. A group of healthy children (n = 262) was also recruited as controls. Poisson regression was run to predict the number of tonsillitis episodes per year based on vitamin D levels. The mean vitamin D level in the study group was lower than in the control group (p &lt; 0.0001). Poisson regression of the rate of recurrent tonsillitis and vitamin D level (OR = 0.969 (95% CI, 0.962\u20130.975)) showed that for every single unit increase in vitamin D level, there was a 3.1% decrease in the number of tonsillitis episodes per year (p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with higher rates of recurrent acute tonsillitis. Future controlled trials should investigate the role of vitamin D supplementation in reducing the rate of recurrent tonsillitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19148744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T11:32:23Z","timestamp":1658143943000},"page":"8744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Vitamin D Levels in Children with Recurrent Acute Tonsillitis in Jordan: A Case-Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2648-0180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baeth Moh\u2019d","family":"Al-Rawashdeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Altawil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, T12 X23H Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fareed","family":"Khdair Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdelrahman","family":"Alharazneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lubna","family":"Hamdan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed S. H.","family":"Muamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7584-4502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sireen","family":"Alkhaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahraa","family":"Tamimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rawand","family":"Husami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raihan","family":"Husami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nidaa A.","family":"Ababneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Center, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/88.2.491S","article-title":"From vitamin D to hormone D: Fundamentals of the vitamin D endocrine system essential for good health","volume":"88","author":"Norman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. 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