{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T12:42:04Z","timestamp":1793277724288,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Saint Louis University Applied Health Sciences Research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Unlike musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries, MSK pain is rarely studied in athletes. In this study, we examined the prevalence of preseason MSK pain in apparently healthy collegiate soccer and basketball players and its relationship with previous injuries (1-year history), among other factors. Ninety-seven eligible student athletes (mean age: 20.1 (SD: 1.6) years; 43% male; 53% soccer players) completed a baseline questionnaire comprising questions related to demographics, medical and 1-year injury history and any current MSK pain and the corresponding body location. The overall prevalence of preseason MSK pain was 26% (95% CI: 17\u201336%) and it did not differ by sex or sport. The back (6.2%) and knee (5.2%) regions were reported to be the most frequently affected body parts for preseason MSK pain. Athletes with a previous injury and with perception of incomplete healing had 3.5-fold higher odds (OR: 3.50; 95% CI: 1.28\u20139.36) of baseline MSK pain compared with those without a previous injury. One in four collegiate soccer and basketball players had preseason MSK pain. Collegiate sports medicine professionals should consider conducting routine preseason evaluations of MSK pain in their athletes and initiate appropriate interventions for the prevention of MSK pain and its potential consequences among athletes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19159128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T22:03:42Z","timestamp":1658873022000},"page":"9128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Absence of Injury Is Not Absence of Pain: Prevalence of Preseason Musculoskeletal Pain and Associated Factors in Collegiate Soccer and Basketball Student Athletes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5984-9821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oluwatoyosi B. A.","family":"Owoeye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamil R.","family":"Neme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Clinical Outcomes Research, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7798-4584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavio","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0445-1741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony P.","family":"Breitbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097884","article-title":"International Olympic Committee consensus statement on pain management in elite athletes","volume":"51","author":"Hainline","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2009.066936","article-title":"No injuries, but plenty of pain? On the methodology for recording overuse symptoms in sports","volume":"43","author":"Bahr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2466","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13813","article-title":"Epidemiology of all-complaint injuries in youth basketball","volume":"30","author":"Owoeye","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516687539","article-title":"Groin Problems in Male Soccer Players Are More Common Than Previously Reported","volume":"45","author":"Clarsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"583","article-title":"Injury risk is altered by previous injury: A systematic review of the literature and presentation of causative neuromuscular factors","volume":"9","author":"Fulton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2020.9094","article-title":"Internal and External Workload in Youth Basketball Players Who Are Symptomatic and Asymptomatic for Patellar Tendinopathy","volume":"50","author":"Ghali","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000290","article-title":"Collegiate ACL Injury Rates across 15 Sports: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System Data Update (2004\u20132005 through 2012\u20132013)","volume":"26","author":"Agel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. J. Sport Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096005","article-title":"Injuries sustained in National Collegiate Athletic Association men\u2019s and women\u2019s basketball, 2009\/2010\u20132014\/2015","volume":"52","author":"Zuckerman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pzab272","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzab272","article-title":"Fear of Movement and Reinjury in Sports Medicine: Relevance for Rehabilitation and Return to Sport","volume":"102","author":"Kvist","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000462","article-title":"Prevention of Ankle Sprain Injuries in Youth Soccer and Basketball: Effectiveness of a Neuromuscular Training Program and Examining Risk Factors","volume":"28","author":"Owoeye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. J. Sport Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-020-00274-7","article-title":"Reducing Injuries in Soccer (Football): An Umbrella Review of Best Evidence across the Epidemiological Framework for Prevention","volume":"6","author":"Owoeye","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sports Med. Open"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2020.11.005","article-title":"Impaired motor control after sport-related concussion could increase risk for musculoskeletal injury: Implications for clinical management and rehabilitation","volume":"10","author":"Chmielewski","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sport Health Sci."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2011.084038.185","article-title":"Risk factors for injuries in male professional soccer: A systematic review","volume":"45","author":"Stege","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000395","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2018-000395","article-title":"Musculoskeletal pain and its association with maturity and sports performance in 14-year-old sport school students","volume":"4","author":"Malmborg","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc. Med."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"126","article-title":"Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in marathon runners who compete at the elite level","volume":"11","author":"Teixeira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096256","article-title":"Why screening tests to predict injury do not work\u2014and probably never will\u2026: A critical review","volume":"50","author":"Bahr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/19417381211051636","article-title":"External Training Load and the Association with Back Pain in Competitive Adolescent Tennis Players: Results from the SMASH Cohort Study","volume":"14","author":"Johansson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sports Health"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lavar, L., Kocaoglu, B., Bytomski, J., Cole, B., and Arundale, A.A.N. (2020). Digging Deep into the Etiology of Basketball Injuries: A Complex Systems Approach for Risk Mitigation. The Basketball Sports Medicine and Science Book, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-61070-1"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/15\/9128\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:56:52Z","timestamp":1760140612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/15\/9128"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph19159128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19159128","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]]}}}