{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T20:05:09Z","timestamp":1768075509019,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]],"date-time":"2022-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI) of the Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon","award":["UIDB\/04527\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04527\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI) of the Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon","award":["UIDP\/04527\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04527\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present study, the attributions of socially and economically disadvantaged mothers for their own negative parenting behavior and for their children\u2019s undesirable behaviors as perceived by parents\u2014understood as misbehavior\u2014were analyzed. To this end, an exploratory study with a qualitative design was developed, in which 24 socially and economically disadvantaged mothers were individually interviewed. The data were analyzed following a thematic analysis approach, using software suited to qualitative analysis, namely NVIVO 12. The children\u2019s undesirable behaviors as perceived by parents and some characteristics associated with parental performance (particularly the appraisal of the effectiveness of their negative practices) emerged respectively as external and internal factors, explaining mothers\u2019 inadaptive behaviors\u2014difficulties in behavior regulation, physical coercion, psychological control and paraverbal hostility. The parental subsystem and school emerged as the main external factors, and the psychological characteristics as the most relevant internal factors, explaining the children\u2019s undesirable behaviors\u2014challenge, immaturity, hostility, emotionally-based, school behavior\/absenteeism and danger. The results also indicate weak self-critical reflexivity regarding some of the inadaptive behaviors. The comprehensive analysis of the results, based on the literature review, gave rise to an explanatory hypothesis on the dysfunctional circular process regarding the maintenance of inadaptive practices and children\u2019s undesirable behaviors, considering the role played by parental attributions and by insufficient parental reflexivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19159205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]],"date-time":"2022-07-27T21:11:05Z","timestamp":1658956265000},"page":"9205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Parental Attributions\u2014Mothers\u2019 Voices in Economically and Socially Disadvantaged Contexts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Isabel","family":"Narciso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CICPSI, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HEI-Lab, Lus\u00f3fona University, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, The University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Francisca","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ponto de Apoio \u00e0 Vida, Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luana Cunha","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICPSI, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ProChild CoLAB, Campus de Azur\u00e9m, 4804-533 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2015.12.010","article-title":"Poverty Is Not Just an Indicator: The Relationship between Income, Poverty, and Child Well-Being","volume":"16","author":"Chaudry","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acad. 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