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Based on a three-dimensional underwater oil spill model validated by satellite images of the oil slick at the sea surface, the Penglai 19-3 oil spill accident in the Bohai Sea was simulated; in addition, several sensitivity experiments were set up to investigate the influence of model uncertainties in the background wind, current, start time of the oil spill, and spill site on the transport of underwater spilled oil in the Penglai 19-3 oil spill accident. The experimental results indicate that the uncertainty in the background wind has a certain impact on the simulated centroid position at the sea surface, and little effect on the simulated underwater results, while the uncertainty in the background current has a significant influence on the transport of the underwater spilled oil both at the sea surface and underwater. An uncertainty of 24 h in the start time of the oil spill can cause more than 1 time larger than the benchmark case displacement of the oil spill centroid point and sweeping area at the sea surface, as the periodic tidal current is the main constituent of the ocean current in the Bohai Sea. The uncertainty in the spill site has a large influence on the final position of the oil spill centroid point, but the oil spill trajectories do not intersect with each other within 48 h, which makes it possible to identify the oil spill platform from the actual observations. The influence of uncertainties in the important model inputs and key model parameters on the transport of underwater spilled oil in the Penglai 19-3 oil spill accident is evaluated for the first time, which is of substantial significance for improving the prediction accuracy of the transport and fate of underwater oil spills.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19159274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T01:41:16Z","timestamp":1659058876000},"page":"9274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Numerical Study on the Influence of Model Uncertainties on the Transport of Underwater Spilled Oil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Daosheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Marine Geological Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Research Institute, China University of Geosciences, Shenzhen 518057, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhixuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Marine Geological Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Research Institute, China University of Geosciences, Shenzhen 518057, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.2307\/3146502","article-title":"The oil spill size of tanker and barge accidents: Determinants and policy implications","volume":"71","author":"Anderson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Land Econ."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2013.05.021","article-title":"Risk assessment and national measure plan for oil and HNS spill accidents near Korea","volume":"73","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. 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