{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T21:05:35Z","timestamp":1791320735580,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,7]],"date-time":"2022-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo (ANID) Chile","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1210602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1210602"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The commodification of healthcare and the structural violence towards the migrant population in the Chilean system materialize in a series of structural barriers to accessing healthcare. In the face of this structural vulnerability, cross-border health mobility is one of the primary resources of indigenous border migrants living in the Tarapac\u00e1 region (Chile). This involves crossing the border of both people (specialists\/patients) and objects (such as ritual supplies or biomedicines), which play a crucial role as, in many cases, it is the only way to satisfy their healthcare needs. The security-orientated geopolitics of border closure (Plan Frontera Segura) has been reinforced by immobility policies linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. While doing so leaves people without the fundamental resource of healthcare mobility or obliges them to cross the border via unauthorized crossings, exposing them to criminalization and abuse by different agents of violence (the military, people smugglers, etc.). In this paper, we will offer a description of these processes of (im)mobility, analyzing their conformation both by the current policies of the Chilean State and by the notorious deficiency in indigenous and migrant rights, denouncing the material impact they have on the health\/illness\/care process of indigenous migrants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19159728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,7]],"date-time":"2022-08-07T22:51:46Z","timestamp":1659912706000},"page":"9728","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Indigenous Border Migrants and (Im)Mobility Policies in Chile in Times of COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4771-3345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Pi\u00f1ones-Rivera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Psicolog\u00eda y Filosof\u00eda, Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica 1000000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nanette","family":"Liberona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Antropolog\u00eda, Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica 1000000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Arancibia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperativa Apacheta, Iquique 1100000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Psicolog\u00eda, Escuela de Psicolog\u00eda y Filosof\u00eda, Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica 1000000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Causas Estructurales de Los Problemas de Inequidad En El Acceso a La Salud En Chile","volume":"12","author":"Cid","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev. 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