{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T23:33:40Z","timestamp":1792452820273,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88887.310463\/2018-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.310463\/2018-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#2022\/10924-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2022\/10924-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#313909\/2020-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#313909\/2020-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#313190\/2021-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#313190\/2021-6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Sao Paulo Research Foundation","award":["88887.310463\/2018-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.310463\/2018-00"]}]},{"name":"Sao Paulo Research Foundation","award":["#2022\/10924-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2022\/10924-4"]}]},{"name":"Sao Paulo Research Foundation","award":["#313909\/2020-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#313909\/2020-2"]}]},{"name":"Sao Paulo Research Foundation","award":["#313190\/2021-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#313190\/2021-6"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88887.310463\/2018-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.310463\/2018-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#2022\/10924-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2022\/10924-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#313909\/2020-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#313909\/2020-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#313190\/2021-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#313190\/2021-6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the immune response against viral infections, modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. The cytokine storm is associated with COVID-19 severity, and the patient\u2019s immune status is influenced by the intestinal microbiota in a gut-lung bidirectional interaction. In this study, we evaluate the intestinal microbiota of Brazilian patients in different post-COVID-19 periods, and correlate this with clinical data and the antibiotic therapy used during the acute phase. DNA extracted from stool samples was sequenced and total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and C-reactive protein were quantified. Compared with controls, there were significant differences in the microbiota diversity in post-COVID-19 patients, suggesting an intestinal dysbiosis even several months after acute disease resolution. Additionally, we detected some genera possibly associated with the post-COVID-19 dysbiosis, including Desulfovibrio, Haemophillus, Dialister, and Prevotella, in addition to decreased beneficial microbes, associated with antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, such as Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia. Therefore, our hypothesis is that dysbiosis and the indiscriminate use of antibiotics during the pandemic may be associated with post-COVID-19 clinical manifestations. In our study, 39% (n = 58) of patients reported symptoms, including fatigue, dyspnea, myalgia, alopecia, anxiety, memory loss, and depression. These data suggest that microbiota modulation may represent a target for recovery from acute COVID-19 and a therapeutic approach for post-COVID-19 sequelae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191610189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T21:23:56Z","timestamp":1660771436000},"page":"10189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Detection of Intestinal Dysbiosis in Post-COVID-19 Patients One to Eight Months after Acute Disease Resolution"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Alexandre Soares","family":"Ferreira-Junior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Program, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tais Fernanda","family":"Borgonovi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Engineering and Technology Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larissa Vedovato Vilela","family":"De Salis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Program, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aline Zazeri","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Program, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda Soares","family":"Dantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barretos Board of Health, Emergency Care Unit, Barretos 14780-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme Vedovato Vilela","family":"De Salis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barretos Board of Health, Emergency Care Unit, Barretos 14780-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliano Netto Flores","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BiomeHub Research and Development, Florianopolis 88054-700, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4535-0621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Felipe Valter","family":"De Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BiomeHub Research and Development, Florianopolis 88054-700, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Program, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6715-9276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana L\u00facia Barretto","family":"Penna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Program, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Food Engineering and Technology Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8883-5541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gislane Lelis Vilela","family":"De Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Program, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Food Engineering and Technology Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001316","article-title":"Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia","volume":"382","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. 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