{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:45:52Z","timestamp":1787028352033,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union funds","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POWR 05.02.00-00-0149\/15-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POWR 05.02.00-00-0149\/15-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Malignant tumours of the salivary glands have different clinical and histopathological characteristics. They most commonly involve the parotid gland. Histopathologically, the most common are mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC), acinic cell carcinoma (AcCC), adenocarcinoma, carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma (CPA), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). (2) Methods: We analysed 2318 patients with malignant parotid gland tumours reported to the National Cancer Registry (NCR) in Poland over 20 years (1999\u20132018). The demographic characteristics of patients, clinical factors, and overall survival (OS) were analysed. (3) Results: The average age was 61.33 \u00b1 16.1 years. The majority were males (55%) and urban citizens (64%). High percentage of carcinomas was diagnosed in locoregional (33.7%) and systemic (10.4%) stadium. The most prevalent diagnoses were SCC (33.3%) and adenocarcinoma (19.6%). Surgical resection with adjuvant RT (42.1%) was the most common treatment. The OS analysis showed a median survival time of 5.6 years. The most favorable median OS was found in patients with AcCC (18.30 years), the worst for SCC (1.58 years). (4) Conclusion: AcCC has the best prognosis and SCC the worst. Tumour stadium, treatment, and demographic factors affect prognosis. Improvements in diagnosis and re-evaluation of treatment standards are necessary to enhance the outcome of patients with parotid gland cancers in Poland.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191610247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T21:39:21Z","timestamp":1660858761000},"page":"10247","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Clinico-Epidemiological Analysis of Most Prevalent Parotid Gland Carcinomas in Poland over a 20-Year Period"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5031-8007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"\u017burek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 61 \u017bwirki i Wigury Str., 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Analyses and Strategies, Ministry of Health, Miodowa 15 Str., 00-952 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4838-5782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamil","family":"Jasak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students Scientific Research Group at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Jaros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students Scientific Research Group at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students Scientific Research Group at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazimierz","family":"Niemczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4012-8271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Rzepakowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2018.08.007","article-title":"Salivary Gland Malignancies","volume":"31","author":"Carlson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2014.10.008","article-title":"Tumours of the salivary glands in northeastern China: A retrospective study of 2508 patients","volume":"53","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0009.8412","article-title":"Increase in the incidence of parotid gland tumors in the years 2005\u20132014","volume":"71","author":"Kolebacz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Pol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2020.102959","article-title":"Major and minor salivary gland tumours","volume":"152","author":"Gatta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2020.0031","article-title":"Head and Neck Cancers, Version 2.2020, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology","volume":"18","author":"Pfister","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Natl. Compr. Cancer Netw."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2011.04.020","article-title":"Salivary gland carcinoma in Denmark 1990-2005: A national study of incidence, site and histology. Results of the Danish Head and Neck Cancer Group (DAHANCA)","volume":"47","author":"Bjorndal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.08.021","article-title":"Rare cancers of the head and neck area in Europe","volume":"48","author":"Gatta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2009.10.004","article-title":"Major and minor salivary gland tumors","volume":"74","author":"Guzzo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zurek, M., Rzepakowska, A., Jasak, K., and Niemczyk, K. (2021). The Epidemiology of Salivary Glands Pathologies in Adult Population over 10 Years in Poland-Cohort Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19010179"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/S1368-8375(02)00007-6","article-title":"Carcinoma of the parotid and submandibular glands\u2014A study of survival in 2465 patients","volume":"38","author":"Wahlberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26735","article-title":"Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland: Twenty-year experience in treatment and outcomes","volume":"43","author":"Chan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"El-Naggar, A.K., Chen, J.K.C., Grandis, J.R., Takata, T., and Slootweg, P.J. (2017). World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Head and Neck."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580141","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.580141","article-title":"Salivary Gland Carcinoma: Novel Targets to Overcome Treatment Resistance in Advanced Disease","volume":"10","author":"Souza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2011.09.005","article-title":"Salivary gland carcinoma in Denmark 1990-2005: Outcome and prognostic factors. Results of the Danish Head and Neck Cancer Group (DAHANCA)","volume":"48","author":"Bjorndal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2018.03.019","article-title":"Risk factors for salivary gland cancers in France: Results from a case-control study, the ICARE study","volume":"80","author":"Radoi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199707000-00011","article-title":"Environmental factors and the risk of salivary gland cancer","volume":"8","author":"Ljung","year":"1997","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009248","article-title":"Diet and the risk of salivary gland cancer","volume":"146","author":"Morrow","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1080\/01635580802143851","article-title":"Salivary gland cancer: An exploratory analysis of dietary factors","volume":"60","author":"Forrest","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koo, H.Y., Han, K., Shin, D.W., Yoo, J.E., Cho, M.H., Jeon, K.H., Kim, D., Hong, S., and Jun, J.K. (2021). Alcohol Drinking Pattern and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182111204"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S142","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215116000566","article-title":"Management of Salivary Gland Tumours: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines","volume":"130","author":"Sood","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Laryngol. Otol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.13034","article-title":"Elective neck dissection in patients with salivary gland carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Oral Pathol. Med."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-020-01731-9","article-title":"The impact of clinicopathological factors on clinical outcomes in patients with salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma: A multi-institutional analysis in Japan","volume":"25","author":"Kawakita","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2905","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26335","article-title":"Trends in parotidectomy over 30 years in an Australian tertiary care center","volume":"42","author":"Subramaniam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2022.0016","article-title":"NCCN Guidelines(R) Insights: Head and Neck Cancers, Version 1.2022","volume":"20","author":"Caudell","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Natl. Compr. Cancer. Netw."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2020.06.010","article-title":"Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland: Clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and prognosis","volume":"50","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.4103\/ijc.IJC_503_17","article-title":"Prognostic factors in parotid cancers: Clinicopathological and treatment factors influencing outcomes","volume":"55","author":"Chakrabarti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2273.2002.00625.x","article-title":"Prognostic indicators for malignant tumours of the parotid gland","volume":"27","author":"Harbo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Otolaryngol. Allied Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-019-1284-y","article-title":"Mortality rates and prognostic factors in patients with malignant salivary tumors","volume":"36","author":"Israel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S233431","article-title":"The Role of Prognostic Factors in Salivary Gland Tumors Treated by Surgery and Adjuvant Radio- or Chemoradiotherapy\u2014A Single Institution Experience","volume":"12","author":"Cisek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Manag. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2016.06.185","article-title":"Prognostic Factors Associated with Decreased Survival in Patients with Acinic Cell Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland","volume":"75","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2013.4728","article-title":"Prognostic Factors Associated with Decreased Survival in Patients with Acinic Cell Carcinoma","volume":"139","author":"Neskey","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"363","article-title":"Prognostic factors in patients with malignant salivary gland neoplasms in a Brazilian population","volume":"12","author":"Oliveira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2021.103135","article-title":"Survival and prognostic factors of salivary gland malignant mixed tumor-not otherwise specified: A population-based analysis","volume":"42","author":"Soffer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.10400","article-title":"Salivary gland carcinoma: Independent prognostic factors for locoregional control, distant metastases, and overall survival: Results of the Dutch head and neck oncology cooperative group","volume":"26","author":"Terhaard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-017-0318-1","article-title":"Significant prognostic factors affecting treatment outcomes of salivary gland carcinoma: A multicenter retrospective analysis","volume":"106","author":"Yamada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2020.06.016","article-title":"Prognostic factors and overall survival in a 15-year followup of patients with malignant salivary gland tumors: A retrospective analysis of 193 patients","volume":"88","author":"Filho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"(2022, April 01). The National Health Fund Data, Available online: http:\/\/www.nfz.gov.pl."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"(2022, April 01). The National Cancer Registry Data. Available online: http:\/\/onkologia.org.pl\/."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"(2022, April 01). Statistics Poland Data, Available online: http:\/\/www.stat.gov.pl."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2014.03.003","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland: A population-based analysis of 2545 cases","volume":"35","author":"Pfisterer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2018.03.022","article-title":"Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland: A National Cancer Database study","volume":"39","author":"Rajasekaran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2018.05.002","article-title":"Outcomes and prognostic factors for parotid acinic cell Carcinoma: A National Cancer Database study of 2362 cases","volume":"82","author":"Scherl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24382","article-title":"Predictors of survival in parotid adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified: A National Cancer Database study of 3155 patients","volume":"38","author":"Zhan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2012.226","article-title":"Radiotherapy in Parotid Acinic Cell Carcinoma: Does It Have an Impact on Survival?","volume":"138","author":"Andreoli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2021.105698","article-title":"Prognostic factors in acinic cell carcinoma of the head and neck: The Amsterdam experience","volume":"125","author":"Valstar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2020.07.031","article-title":"Analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the intraoral minor salivary glands: A retrospective study of 40 cases","volume":"50","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2011.10.014","article-title":"Adenoid cystic carcinoma of parotid gland treated with surgery and radiotherapy: Long-term outcomes, QoL assessment and review of the literature","volume":"48","author":"Sewnaik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-017-2163-6","article-title":"Early stage minor salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma has favourable prognosis","volume":"471","author":"Hametoja","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virchows Arch."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6657(11)70702-8","article-title":"Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck\u2014A 10 years experience","volume":"65","author":"Bruzgielewicz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Polska"},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"e884","article-title":"Epidemiology and treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the minor salivary glands: A meta-analytic study","volume":"16","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Oral Patol. Oral Cir. Bucal"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2019.102279","article-title":"Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma: A review of incidence, demographics, risk factors, and survival","volume":"40","author":"Gupta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"1324","article-title":"Predictors of survival in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-11-180","article-title":"Prognostic factors affecting the clinical outcome of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma in the major salivary gland","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1080\/02841860802183604","article-title":"Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. Study and implications for diagnostics and therapy","volume":"48","author":"Luers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Oncol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.130.7.849","article-title":"Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland: The Mayo clinic experience","volume":"130","author":"Boahene","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wjorl.2019.05.002","article-title":"Are demographics associated with mucoepidermoid or acinic cell carcinoma parotid malignancies in children?","volume":"5","author":"Janz","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J. Otorhinolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599813489659","article-title":"Predictors of recurrence and survival for head and neck mucoepidermoid carcinoma","volume":"149","author":"Byrd","year":"2013","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-019-01499-6","article-title":"Outcome and management of rare high-grade \u201csalivary\u201d adenocarcinoma: The important role of adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy","volume":"195","author":"Scherl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Strahlenther. Onkol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2015.03.005","article-title":"Prognostic factors in adenocarcinoma of the salivary glands","volume":"51","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2011.11.019","article-title":"Salivary adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified: A clinicopathological study of 28 cases","volume":"113","author":"Deng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23566","article-title":"Prognostic factors for squamous cell cancer of the parotid gland: An analysis of 2104 patients","volume":"37","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20360","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland","volume":"28","author":"Ying","year":"2006","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1053\/ajot.2001.28068","article-title":"Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bcr2013009467","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-009467","article-title":"Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland: A rare entity","volume":"2013","author":"Akhtar","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1987.tb01234.x","article-title":"Metastatic tumours of the parotid region","volume":"57","author":"Bergersen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2899","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0638","article-title":"Incidence of carcinoma of the major salivary glands according to the WHO classification, 1992 to 2006: A population-based study in the United States","volume":"18","author":"Boukheris","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-021-01294-9","article-title":"Metastases of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Seem to be the Most Frequent Malignancies in the Parotid Gland: A Hospital-Based Study from a Salivary Gland Center","volume":"15","author":"Mayer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.14639\/0392-100X-1095","article-title":"The rising incidence of parotid metastases: Our experience from four decades of parotid gland surgery. Incremento dell\u2019incidenza di metastasi alla ghiandola parotide: Analisi della nostra esperienza in quattro decenni di chirurgia parotidea","volume":"37","author":"Franzen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol. Ital."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang, Q., Wu, J., and Liu, F. (2019). Oncologic outcome and potential prognostic factors in primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland. BMC Cancer, 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-5969-6"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.3109\/00016481003796801","article-title":"Analysis of acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland\u201415 years experience","volume":"130","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-011-0281-z","article-title":"Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma: A comprehensive review of clinical, pathological and molecular data","volume":"6","author":"Antony","year":"2012","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.26289","article-title":"Outcomes of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma compared to de novo adenocarcinoma of major salivary glands","volume":"123","author":"Patel","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2017.03.008","article-title":"Parotid adenoid cystic carcinoma: Retrospective single institute analysis","volume":"38","author":"Mannelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-019-05282-2","article-title":"Contemporary treatment patterns and outcomes of salivary gland carcinoma: A National Cancer Database review","volume":"276","author":"Ferrell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2006.07.1380","article-title":"The role of postoperative radiation therapy in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland","volume":"67","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2011.12.002","article-title":"Treatment outcomes and prognostic features in adenoid cystic carcinoma originated from the head and neck","volume":"48","author":"Shen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(95)00122-F","article-title":"The influence of positive margins and nerve invasion in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck treated with surgery and radiation","volume":"32","author":"Garden","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"ref_78","first-page":"247","article-title":"Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck: A retrospective series of 169 cases","volume":"16","author":"Duberge","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Radiother."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.01.013","article-title":"Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma: Diagnostic difficulty and outcome","volume":"138","author":"Zbaren","year":"2008","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/16\/10247\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:11:28Z","timestamp":1760141488000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/16\/10247"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph191610247"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph191610247","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]]}}}