{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T16:00:06Z","timestamp":1765382406114,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The corpus callosum plays a vital role in brain function. In particular, in the trunk of the corpus callosum, in the course of various diseases, there may be temporary, reversible changes (reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES)), as well as partially reversible and irreversible changes. This article discusses the differentiation of RESLES and other conditions with changes in the corpus callosum lobe, as well as the accompanying clinical symptoms. Moreover, a case report of a patient in whom the above changes appeared in the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) image is presented. A 20-year-old patient with the diagnosis of Ehlers\u2013Danlos syndrome type VI was admitted to the psychiatric ward in an emergency because of psychomotor agitation, refusal to take food and fluids, delusional statements with a message, grandeur, and auditory hallucinations. In the performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, the corpus callosum non-characteristic in T2-weighted images revealed a hyperintensive area, which was significantly hyperintensive in diffusion magnetic resonance (DWI) sequences and in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) sequences with reduced signal intensity and no signs of bleeding. The hypothesis of subacute ischemic stroke of the corpus callosum was presented. In the control MRI of the brain, changes in the corpus callosum completely regressed, thus excluding an ischemic etiology and favoring the diagnosis of RESLES. During hospitalization, the patient experienced significant fluctuations in mental status, with the dominant symptoms typical of the paranoid syndrome in the form of disturbances in the course and structure of thinking and perception, and a clear and stable improvement was obtained after the administration of long-acting intramuscular olanzapine. Taking into account the clinical and radiological picture, the age of the episode, the rapidity of the disease development, the persistence of its clinical symptoms after the withdrawal of radiological changes in the brain NMR image, as well as the significant improvement in the clinical condition after the introduction of antipsychotic drugs, the final diagnosis was made of schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19169842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T09:42:56Z","timestamp":1660124576000},"page":"9842","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Reversible Splenial Lesion Syndrome as a Challenging Casuistry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Dominika","family":"Tatar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Research Circle, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogus\u0142awa","family":"Bocian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Research Circle, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"\u015awierzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Research Circle, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1810-9018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina","family":"Badura Brzoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Research Circle, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Soko\u0142owska-Pituchowa, J. (2005). Anatomia Cz\u0142owieka: Podr\u0119cznik dla Student\u00f3w Medycyny, PZWL Wydawnictwo Lekarskie."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"9458039","article-title":"Clinical Features, Etiology, and 6-Month Prognosis of Isolated Corpus Callosum Infarction","volume":"2019","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-019-02357-z","article-title":"The splenium of the corpus callosum: Embryology, anatomy, function and imaging with pathophysiological hypothesis","volume":"62","author":"Blaauw","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5258","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005258","article-title":"Mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion mimicking transient ischemic attack: A case report","volume":"95","author":"Dong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.4274\/jpr.galenos.2020.89156","article-title":"A Rare Cause of Reversible Splenial Lesion Syndrome (RESLES): Benign Convulsions with Mild Gastroenteritis","volume":"8","author":"Uysal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.08.3701","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with reversible Splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES)","volume":"381","author":"Amano","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2008.00279.x","article-title":"Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES): What\u2019s in a name?","volume":"21","author":"Cortina","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neuroimaging"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"233","article-title":"Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Differential Diagnosis between the Adult Reversible Splenial Lesion Syndrome and Ischemic Infarction of the Splenium of the Corpus Callosum","volume":"40","author":"Xing","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"460","article-title":"Metody neuroobrazowania ostrej fazy udaru niedokrwiennego m\u00f3zgu w praktyce klinicznej","volume":"9","author":"Szurowska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Forum Med. Rodz."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.23736\/S0031-0808.18.03434-1","article-title":"Reversible splenial lesion in neuroleptic malignant syndrome","volume":"60","author":"Gasparini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Panminerva Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, Y., Zheng, J., Zhang, L., Zeng, Z., Zhu, M., Xiaoliang, L., Lou, X., Wan, H., and Hong, D. (2016). Reversible splenial lesion syndrome associated with encephalitis\/encephalopathy presenting with great clinical heterogeneity. BMC Neurol., 16.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-016-0572-9"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2471","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.4516-20","article-title":"Reversible Splenial Lesion Syndrome with Some Novel Causes and Clinical Manifestations","volume":"59","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.1.105","article-title":"The disconnection syndrome: Basic findings reaffirmed","volume":"117","author":"Seymour","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-020-09439-3","article-title":"Split-Brain: What We Know Now and Why This Is Important for Understanding Consciousness","volume":"30","author":"Corballis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"27","article-title":"Podzielony umys\u0142\u2013podzielony m\u00f3zg. Neurobiologiczne pod\u0142o\u017ce dysocjacyjnego zaburzenia to\u017csamo\u015bci z perspektywy teorii uk\u0142ad\u00f3w dynamicznych","volume":"21","author":"Polewik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Psychol. Klin."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Harat, M. (2007). Neurochirurgia Czynno\u015bciowa, medbook.com.pl."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"(1994, August 19). Ustawa o Ochronie Zdrowia Psychicznego z dnia 19 sierpnia 1994r., Dz.U.2020.685 t.j. Available online: https:\/\/lexlege.pl\/ustawa-o-ochronie-zdrowia-psychicznego\/rozdzial-1-przepisy-ogolne\/3425\/."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e512","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000512","article-title":"Clinicoradiological spectrum of reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) in adults: A retrospective study of a rare entity","volume":"94","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.17951\/j.2020.33.2.271-283","article-title":"Zaburzenia funkcji poznawczych w schizofrenii\u2013wybrane aspekty","volume":"33","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie-Sk\u0142odowska Sect. J\u2013Paedagog.-Psychol."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"75","article-title":"Zaburzenia psychiczne i zaburzenia zachowania zwi\u0105zane z u\u017cywaniem substancji psychoaktywnych. Systemy diagnostyczne, klasyfikacje, terminologia","volume":"7","author":"Habrat","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychiatria"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"162","article-title":"Zaburzenia psychotyczne zwi\u0105zane z u\u017cywaniem \u201cdopalaczy\u201d","volume":"14","author":"Kucia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatria"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"90","article-title":"Zaburzenia zachowania oraz zaburzenia psychotyczne i afektywne w ot\u0119pieniu","volume":"3","author":"Gabryelewicz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pol. Przegl\u0105d Neurol."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Krupka-Matuszczyk, I., and Matuszczyk, M. (2007). Podr\u0119cznik dla Student\u00f3w Piel\u0119gniarstwa, Wydawnictwo \u015al\u0105skiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Heitzman, J. (2010). Zaburzenia po stresie traumatycznym\u2013praktyka kliniczna i opiniowanie. Psychiatria, 59\u201364."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/16\/9842\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:06:36Z","timestamp":1760141196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/16\/9842"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph19169842"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19169842","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1660-4601"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]}}}