{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:01:00Z","timestamp":1777611660218,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]],"date-time":"2022-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to assess temporary and permanent auditory effects associated with occupational coexposure to low levels of noise and solvents. Cross-sectional study with 25 printing industry workers simultaneously exposed to low noise (&lt;80 dBA TWA) and low levels of solvents. The control group consisted of 29 industry workers without the selected exposures. Participants answered a questionnaire and underwent auditory tests. Auditory fatigue was measured by comparing the acoustic reflex threshold before and after the workday. Workers coexposed to solvents and noise showed significantly worse results in auditory tests in comparison with the participants in the control group. Auditory brainstem response results showed differences in III\u2013V interpeak intervals (p = 0.046 in right ear; p = 0.039 in left ear). Mean dichotic digits scores (exposed = 89.5 \u00b1 13.33; controls = 96.40 \u00b1 4.46) were only different in the left ear (p = 0.054). The comparison of pre and postacoustic reflex testing indicated mean differences (p = 0.032) between the exposed (4.58 \u00b1 6.8) and controls (0 \u00b1 4.62) groups. This study provides evidence of a possible temporary effect (hearing fatigue) at the level of the acoustic reflex of the stapedius muscle. The permanent effects were identified mainly at the level of the high brainstem and in the auditory ability of binaural integration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19169894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]],"date-time":"2022-08-11T05:43:57Z","timestamp":1660196637000},"page":"9894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Temporary and Permanent Auditory Effects Associated with Occupational Coexposure to Low Levels of Noise and Solvents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9664-0269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Bohn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Program of Communication Disorders, University Tuiuti of Paran\u00e1, Curitiba 82010-330, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0320-9649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thais C.","family":"Morata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Roggia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Audiology and Speech Therapy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88030-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Zucki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Audiology and Speech Therapy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88030-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6828-1257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beno\u00eet","family":"Pouyatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche et S\u00e9curit\u00e9 (INRS), 54519 Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Venet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche et S\u00e9curit\u00e9 (INRS), 54519 Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Krieg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Renata","family":"Jos\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Program of Communication Disorders, University Tuiuti of Paran\u00e1, Curitiba 82010-330, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6660-4902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana B. M.","family":"de Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Department, Speech Language and Audiology School, Medicine Faculty, University of Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Alabdulhadi, A. (2018). The Study of Health Outcomes in the Printing Industry: Hearing and Balance Impairments Associated to Combined Exposure to Noise and Ototoxic Volatile Organic Compounds. [Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Newcastle, Faculty of Health and Medicine]."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1477","article-title":"Effects of Occupational Exposure to Organic Solvents and Noise on Hearing","volume":"19","author":"Morata","year":"1993","journal-title":"Scand. J. Work. Environ. 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