{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T05:19:58Z","timestamp":1762060798107,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]],"date-time":"2022-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11971478","Z200001","2021PDPC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11971478","Z200001","2021PDPC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11971478","Z200001","2021PDPC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11971478","Z200001","2021PDPC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Public Health and Disease Control and Prevention, the Major Innovation and Planning Interdisciplinary Platform for the \u2018Double-First Class\u2019 Initiative in Renmin University of China","award":["11971478","Z200001","2021PDPC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11971478","Z200001","2021PDPC"]}]},{"name":"Public Health and Disease Control and Prevention, Fund for Building World-Class Universities (Disciplines) of Renmin University of China","award":["11971478","Z200001","2021PDPC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11971478","Z200001","2021PDPC"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The incidence of scarlet fever and pertussis has increased significantly in China in recent years. During the COVID-19 pandemic, stringent non-pharmaceutical intervention measures were widely adopted to contain the spread of the virus, which may also have essential collateral impacts on other infectious diseases, such as scarlet fever and pertussis. We compared the incidence data of scarlet fever and pertussis in Mainland China and Hong Kong from 2004 to 2021 before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that the incidence of both diseases decreased significantly in 2020\u20132021 compared to the after-re-emergence stage in these two locations. Specifically, in 2020, scarlet fever decreased by 73.13% and pertussis by 76.63% in Mainland China, and 83.70% and 76.10%, respectively, in Hong Kong. In the absence of COVID-19, the predicted incidence of both diseases was much higher than the actual incidence in Mainland China and Hong Kong in 2020\u20132021. This study demonstrates that non-pharmaceutical measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic can partially reduce scarlet fever and pertussis re-emergence in Mainland China and Hong Kong.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19169909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]],"date-time":"2022-08-11T21:15:05Z","timestamp":1660252505000},"page":"9909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Collateral Impact of COVID-19 Prevention Measures on Re-Emergence of Scarlet Fever and Pertussis in Mainland China and Hong Kong China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yiran","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Applied Statistics, School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenjin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Statistics and Data Science, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Applied Statistics, School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinren","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4983-9950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wangli","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Applied Statistics, School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shelan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30693-X","article-title":"Resurgence of scarlet fever in England, 2014\u20132016: A population-based surveillance study","volume":"18","author":"Lamagni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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