{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T15:57:15Z","timestamp":1784303835687,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, social media has become part of our lives, even among children. From the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic period, media device and Internet access rapidly increased. Adolescents connected Internet alone, consulting social media, mostly Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube. During \u201clockdown\u201d, the Internet usage allowed communication with peers and the continuity activities such as school teaching. However, we have to keep in mind that media usage may be related to some adverse consequences especially in the most vulnerable people, such as the young. Aim of the review is to focus on risks correlated to social media use by children and adolescents, identifying spies of rising problems and engaging in preventive recommendations. The scoping review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines, searching on PubMed the terms \u201csocial media\u201d or \u201csocial network\u201d, \u201chealth\u201d, and \u201cpediatrics\u201d. Excluding articles not pertinent, we found 68 reports. Out of them, 19 were dealing with depression, 15 with diet, and 15 with psychological problems, which appeared to be the most reported risk of social media use. Other identified associated problems were sleep, addiction, anxiety, sex related issues, behavioral problems, body image, physical activity, online grooming, sight, headache, and dental caries. Public and medical awareness must rise over this topic and new prevention measures must be found, starting with health practitioners, caregivers, and websites\/application developers. Pediatricians should be aware of the risks associated to a problematic social media use for the young\u2019s health and identify sentinel signs in children as well as prevent negative outcomes in accordance with the family.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19169960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T01:47:21Z","timestamp":1660528041000},"page":"9960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":462,"title":["The Use of Social Media in Children and Adolescents: Scoping Review on the Potential Risks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5947-2414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Bozzola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children Hospital, 00100 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"The Italian Pediatric Society, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5685-5468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Spina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children Hospital, 00100 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"The Italian Pediatric Society, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rino","family":"Agostiniani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Italian Pediatric Society, 00100 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, San Jacopo Hospital, 51100 Pistoia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Barni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children Hospital, 00100 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"The Italian Pediatric Society, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rocco","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Italian Pediatric Society, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Scarpato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Italian Pediatric Society, 00100 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Sciences-Section of Pediatric, University Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7052-9784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Di Mauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Italian Pediatric Society, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella Vita","family":"Di Stefano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Italian Pediatric Society, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinthia","family":"Caruso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Italian Pediatric Society, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Corsello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Italian Pediatric Society, 00100 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties \u201cG. D\u2019Alessandro\u201d, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Staiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Italian Pediatric Society, 00100 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Sciences-Section of Pediatric, University Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spina, G., Bozzola, E., Ferrara, P., Zamperini, N., Marino, F., Caruso, C., Antilici, L., and Villani, A. (2021). Children and Adolescent\u2019s Perception of Media Device Use Consequences. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18063048"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2022, July 17). Cittadini e ICT. 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