{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:40:09Z","timestamp":1793212809941,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LGG22D010001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGG22D010001"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["Y202147221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202147221"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LQ22C090006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22C090006"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["KYYHY20200166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYYHY20200166"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department","award":["LGG22D010001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGG22D010001"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department","award":["Y202147221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202147221"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department","award":["LQ22C090006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22C090006"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department","award":["KYYHY20200166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYYHY20200166"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LGG22D010001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGG22D010001"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["Y202147221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202147221"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LQ22C090006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22C090006"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["KYYHY20200166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYYHY20200166"]}]},{"name":"Programmable Technology Development Project for Mobile Equipment","award":["LGG22D010001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGG22D010001"]}]},{"name":"Programmable Technology Development Project for Mobile Equipment","award":["Y202147221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202147221"]}]},{"name":"Programmable Technology Development Project for Mobile Equipment","award":["LQ22C090006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22C090006"]}]},{"name":"Programmable Technology Development Project for Mobile Equipment","award":["KYYHY20200166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYYHY20200166"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent psychological research shown that the places where we live are linked to our personality traits. Geographical aggregation of personalities has been observed in many individualistic nations; notably, the mountainousness is an essential component in understanding regional variances in personality. Could mountainousness therefore also explain the clustering of personality-types in collectivist countries like China? Using a nationwide survey (29,838 participants) in Mainland China, we investigated the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and mountainousness indicators at the provincial level. Multilevel modelling showed significant negative associations between the elevation coefficient of variation (Elevation CV) and the Big Five personality traits, whereas mean elevation (Elevation Mean) and the standard deviation in elevation (Elevation STD) were positively associated with human personalities. Subsequent machine learning analyses showed that, for example, Elevation Mean outperformed other mountainousness indicators regarding correlations with neuroticism, while Elevation CV performed best relative to openness models. Our results mirror some previous findings, such as the positive association between openness and Elevation STD, while also revealing cultural differences, such as the social desirability of people living in China\u2019s mountainous areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191710819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T21:25:18Z","timestamp":1661894718000},"page":"10819","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Human Personality Is Associated with Geographical Environment in Mainland China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3889-927X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, College of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China"},{"name":"Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaoyi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, College of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiju","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Art and Design, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianshu","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Financial Big Data Research Institute, Sunyard Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310053, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7635-7266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liuchang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Financial Big Data Research Institute, Sunyard Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310053, China"},{"name":"College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"},{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2019.09.009","article-title":"Geographical Psychology","volume":"32","author":"Rentfrow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. 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