{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T02:57:54Z","timestamp":1783306674102,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the last decade, there has been a noticeable increase in the interest in aesthetic and corrective surgery regardless of a patient\u2019s age. Both aesthetical and practical considerations are a motivation for patients undergoing plastic surgery. The goal of this study is to analyze dependencies between welfare, self-assessment and body self-perception in patients that qualified for plastic and aesthetic surgical procedures. The study group included 164 female patients, of whom 124 patients filled out a questionnaire before and after surgery. The questionnaire included demographic data and scales such as the Body Esteem Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale\u2014SES, the Satisfaction with Life Scale\u2014SWLS, the Flourishing Scale and the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience\u2014SPANE. The first hypothesis concerned the subjective assessment of body self-perception after the procedure. The results of the study confirm this hypothesis\u2014female patients after surgery rate their body self-perception higher, which indicates a positive influence of plastic and aesthetic surgery that increased in the subjective assessment of 66 examined patients. Moreover, the study revealed a higher self-assessment after procedures. On the other hand, the results indicated that younger patients had a higher body assessment, but there was no increase in self-assessment. Except for breast augmentation surgery, there was no influence on self-assessment and life satisfaction improvement after other surgical procedures. In patients up to 48 years old, after surgery, there was a significant dependence between subjective body self-assessment and all surveyed forms of welfare. In the case of patients after 48 year of age, there was a relationship between life satisfaction and body self-perception both before and after surgical treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T20:52:03Z","timestamp":1662583923000},"page":"11238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Welfare and Self-Assessment in Patients after Aesthetic and Reconstructive Treatments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Edyta","family":"Skwirczy\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of History of Medicine and Ethics, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Piotrowiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Transplantation Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Ostrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Transplantation Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oskar","family":"Wr\u00f3blewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karol","family":"Tejchman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Transplantation Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1504-3639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Kwiatkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4727-7763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aneta","family":"Cymbaluk-P\u0142oska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-200301000-00002","article-title":"Characteristics of Women With Cosmetic Breast Implants Compared With Women With Other Types of Cosmetic Surgery and Population-Based Controls in Denmark","volume":"50","author":"Fryzek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"186","article-title":"Attractiveness and sexual behavior: Does attractiveness enhance mating success?","volume":"26","author":"Rhodes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ethol. Sociobiol."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"35","article-title":"Spojrzenie na pi\u0119kno cia\u0142a kobiety","volume":"3","author":"Drozdowski","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ginekol. 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Aesthetic Surg."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/18\/11238\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:24:55Z","timestamp":1760142295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/18\/11238"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph191811238"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph191811238","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]}}}