{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T01:34:37Z","timestamp":1791509677172,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":133,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["51308009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51308009"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["51678006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51678006"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["BJJWZYJH01201910005019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJJWZYJH01201910005019"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["KM201510005021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM201510005021"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["047000514122632"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["047000514122632"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program","award":["51308009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51308009"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program","award":["51678006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51678006"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program","award":["BJJWZYJH01201910005019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJJWZYJH01201910005019"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program","award":["KM201510005021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM201510005021"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program","award":["047000514122632"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["047000514122632"]}]},{"name":"Scientific and Technological Research Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission project","award":["51308009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51308009"]}]},{"name":"Scientific and Technological Research Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission project","award":["51678006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51678006"]}]},{"name":"Scientific and Technological Research Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission project","award":["BJJWZYJH01201910005019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJJWZYJH01201910005019"]}]},{"name":"Scientific and Technological Research Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission project","award":["KM201510005021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM201510005021"]}]},{"name":"Scientific and Technological Research Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission project","award":["047000514122632"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["047000514122632"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology innovation fund project of Beijing University of Technology\u2014\u201cUrban carbon neutralization\u201d","award":["51308009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51308009"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology innovation fund project of Beijing University of Technology\u2014\u201cUrban carbon neutralization\u201d","award":["51678006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51678006"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology innovation fund project of Beijing University of Technology\u2014\u201cUrban carbon neutralization\u201d","award":["BJJWZYJH01201910005019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJJWZYJH01201910005019"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology innovation fund project of Beijing University of Technology\u2014\u201cUrban carbon neutralization\u201d","award":["KM201510005021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM201510005021"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology innovation fund project of Beijing University of Technology\u2014\u201cUrban carbon neutralization\u201d","award":["047000514122632"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["047000514122632"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The problem of environmental pollution caused by the abuse of antibiotics has received increasing attention. However, only in recent years have antibiotic pollution and its risk assessment to the environment been deeply studied. Although there has been a large number of reports about the input, occurrence, destination, and influence of antibiotics in the past 10 years, systemic knowledge of antibiotics in the groundwater environment is still lacking. This review systematically expounds the sources, migration and transformation, pollution status, and potential risks to the ecological environment of antibiotics in groundwater systems, by integrating 10 years of existing research results. The results showed that 47 kinds of antibiotics in four categories, mainly sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones, have been detected; antibiotics in groundwater species will induce the production of resistance genes and cause ecological harm. In view of the entire process of antibiotics entering groundwater, the current antibiotic control methods at various levels are listed, including the control of the discharge of antibiotics at source, the removal of antibiotics in water treatment plants, and the treatment of existing antibiotic contamination in groundwater. Additionally, the future research direction of antibiotics in groundwater is pointed out, and suggestions and prospects for antibiotic control are put forward.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T20:52:03Z","timestamp":1662583923000},"page":"11256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["The Current Status and Prevention of Antibiotic Pollution in Groundwater in China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8665-4974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huiping","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianxue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2008.11.086","article-title":"Antibiotics in the aquatic environment\u2014A review\u2014Part I","volume":"75","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6772","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b00729","article-title":"Comprehensive Evaluation of Antibiotics Emission and Fate in the River Basins of China: Source Analysis, Multimedia Modeling, and Linkage to Bacterial Resistance","volume":"49","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. 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