{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T22:22:08Z","timestamp":1784758928725,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]],"date-time":"2022-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a very rare, life-threatening condition characterized by the proliferation of lymphatic vessels and osteolysis. Unfortunately, no standard treatment has been determined for management of GSD. The available therapies are not equally effective and carry substantial side-effects. We report a 42-year-old female with GSD manifested in multifocal osteolysis and chronic chylothorax and ascites. The combined treatment with sirolimus and zoledronic acid due to its synergism of action was introduced. To our knowledge, this is the first Polish case report of adult patients with Gorham-Stout disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]],"date-time":"2022-09-18T23:39:22Z","timestamp":1663544362000},"page":"11692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Difficult Therapeutic Decisions in Gorham-Stout Disease\u2013Case Report and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5901-8569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Wojciechowska-Durczynska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Polish Mother\u2019s Memorial Hospital\u2013Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2941-8868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arkadiusz","family":"Zygmunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Polish Mother\u2019s Memorial Hospital\u2013Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Mikulak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Polish Mother\u2019s Memorial Hospital\u2013Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Ludwisiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Polish Mother\u2019s Memorial Hospital\u2013Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8748-3337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Lewinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Polish Mother\u2019s Memorial Hospital\u2013Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.331125052","article-title":"Syndromes associated with vascular tumors and malformations: A pictorial review","volume":"33","author":"Nozaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jorep.2022.04.005","article-title":"Gorham-Stout disease: A rare bone disorder","volume":"1","author":"Bosco","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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