{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T08:08:44Z","timestamp":1780733324030,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["\u00daNKP-22-4-II-PTE-1681"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u00daNKP-22-4-II-PTE-1681"]}]},{"name":"Thematic Excellence Program 2021 Health Sub-programme of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology in Hungary","award":["\u00daNKP-22-4-II-PTE-1681"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u00daNKP-22-4-II-PTE-1681"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Physical activity, physical functioning, and pain are some of the most critical factors of low back pain (LBP) treatment and prevention, but it was unknown that the back school program (BSP) influences the physical activity level of the patients with LBP. Data from 306 healthy patients and patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (cnsLBP) were used. We used the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), the Low Back Pain Knowledge Questionnaire (LKQ), the visual analog scale, and the Roland\u2013Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). The significance level was set at p &lt; 0.05. The amount of sedentary time in cnsLBP patients enrolled in the BSP was significantly lower compared to the other two groups (p &lt; 0.001). Significantly higher moderate-intensity activities, leisure time activities, and active transportation were observed in the cnsLBP patients enrolled in the BSP than in the other two groups (p &lt; 0.001). RMDQ scores and the pain intensity of the cnsLBP patients enrolled in the BSP were significantly lower than in patients with LBP receiving only exercise therapy (p &lt; 0.001). The physical activity level and low-back-pain-specific knowledge was significantly higher, while back-related disability and pain intensity were significantly lower among patients with low back pain syndrome who participated in a back school program.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T04:07:07Z","timestamp":1663906027000},"page":"12024","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Disease-Specific Knowledge, Physical Activity, and Physical Functioning Examination among Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"M\u00e1rta","family":"Hock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of P\u00e9cs, 3 V\u00f6r\u00f6smarty Str., H-7621 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melinda","family":"J\u00e1romi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of P\u00e9cs, 3 V\u00f6r\u00f6smarty Str., H-7621 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4059-104X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vikt\u00f3ria","family":"Pr\u00e9musz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of P\u00e9cs, 3 V\u00f6r\u00f6smarty Str., H-7621 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsolt J\u00e1nos","family":"Szekeres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 2 R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Str., H-7623 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pongr\u00e1c","family":"\u00c1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of P\u00e9cs, 3 V\u00f6r\u00f6smarty Str., H-7621 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitta","family":"Szil\u00e1gyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of P\u00e9cs, 3 V\u00f6r\u00f6smarty Str., H-7621 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6746-991X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of P\u00e9cs, 3 V\u00f6r\u00f6smarty Str., H-7621 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1907-120X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Makai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of P\u00e9cs, 3 V\u00f6r\u00f6smarty Str., H-7621 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204428","article-title":"The global burden of low back pain: Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study","volume":"73","author":"Hoy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"5","article-title":"A der\u00e9kf\u00e1j\u00e1s diagnosztik\u00e1j\u00e1nak \u00e9s kezel\u00e9s\u00e9nek modern elvei","volume":"21","year":"2011","journal-title":"LAM Lege Artis Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eujim.2016.11.003","article-title":"Economic and public health benefits: The result of increased regular physical activity","volume":"8","author":"Stocker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Integr. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00c1cs, P., Kov\u00e1cs, A., Pa\u00e1r, D., Hoffbauer, M., Szab\u00f3, P., Szab\u00f3, T., and Stocker, M. (2020). Comparative analysis of the economic burdens of physical inactivity in Hungary between 2005 and 2017. BMC Public Health, 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08478-y"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00c1cs, P., Betlehem, J., Ol\u00e1h, A., Bergier, J., Melczer, C., Pr\u00e9musz, V., and Makai, A. (2020). Measurement of public health benefits of physical activity: Validity and reliability study of the international physical activity questionnaire in Hungary. BMC Public Health, 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08508-9"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2014\/17\/217","article-title":"Awareness of the German population of common available guidelines of how to cope with lower back pain","volume":"17","author":"Werber","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Eupa, E.W.G. (2008). EU Physical Activity Guidelines, Sport and Health."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.14854","article-title":"The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans","volume":"320","author":"Piercy","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322009001200006","article-title":"The Development and Validation of a Low Back Pain Knowledge Questionnaire\u2014LKQ","volume":"64","author":"Maciel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinics"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2019.31484","article-title":"Egy der\u00e9kt\u00e1ji f\u00e1jdalommal kapcsolatos betegs\u00e9gspecifikus tud\u00e1st felm\u00e9r\u0151 k\u00fclf\u00f6ldi k\u00e9rd\u0151\u00edv hazai, magyar nyelv\u0171 valid\u00e1l\u00e1sa","volume":"160","author":"Makai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orvosi Hetil."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"1228","article-title":"Knowledge around back pain and spinal disorders among Saudi patients: A cross-sectional study","volume":"67","author":"Awwad","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pak. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Kempf, H.-D. (2008). R\u00fcckenschule, Rowohlt Taschenbuck Verlag."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-140481","article-title":"How effective is a modified exercise program on its own or with back school in chronic low back pain? A randomized-controlled clinical trial","volume":"27","author":"Durmus","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Back Musculoskelet. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-006-0024-x","article-title":"Development of the World Health Organization Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ)","volume":"14","author":"Armstrong","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00c1cs, P., Betlehem, J., Ol\u00e1h, A., Bergier, B., Morvay-Sey, K., Makai, A., and Pr\u00e9musz, V. (2020). Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire among healthy Hungarian adults. BMC Public Health, 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08477-z"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"135","article-title":"Az \u00e1gy\u00e9ki gerinc funkci\u00f3cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s\u00e9nek m\u00e9r\u00e9se n\u00e9gy \u00f6nkit\u00f6lt\u00f4s, \u00e1gy\u00e9kigerinc-specifikus \u00e1llapotfelm\u00e9r\u00f4 k\u00e9rd\u00f4\u00edv magyar nyelvi adapt\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u00e9s valid\u00e1l\u00e1sa","volume":"68","author":"Valasek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1037\/h0074329","article-title":"The Graphic Rating Scale","volume":"14","author":"Freyd","year":"1923","journal-title":"J. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.7431","article-title":"Prevention of Low Back Pain","volume":"176","author":"Steffens","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-006-9085-0","article-title":"The Fear-Avoidance Model of Musculoskeletal Pain: Current State of Scientific Evidence","volume":"30","author":"Leeuw","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Behav. Med."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-097352","article-title":"Does leisure time physical activity protect against low back pain? Systematic review and meta-analysis of 36 prospective cohort studies","volume":"51","author":"Shiri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"676","article-title":"Sports therapy and recreation exercise program in type 2 diabetes: Randomized controlled trial, 3-month follow-up","volume":"59","author":"Kukla","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sports Med. Phys. Fit."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1680-7","article-title":"Physical activity and low back pain: A systematic review of recent literature","volume":"20","author":"Heneweer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.451","article-title":"Physical load during work and leisure time as risk factors for back pain","volume":"25","author":"Hoogendoorn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Scand. J. Work Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"17","article-title":"Exercise, especially combined stretching and strengthening exercise, reduces myofascial pain: A systematic review","volume":"63","author":"Diz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Physiother."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215515570379","article-title":"Exercise interventions for the treatment of chronic low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"29","author":"Searle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (2020, January 11). Low Back Pain Fact Sheet, Available online: https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/Disorders\/Patient-Caregiver-Education\/Fact-Sheets\/Low-Back-Pain-Fact-Sheet."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/19\/12024\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:37:53Z","timestamp":1760143073000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/19\/12024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph191912024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph191912024","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]}}}