{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T11:43:09Z","timestamp":1792842189927,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynaecological malignancy. The search for a widely affordable and accessible screening strategy to reduce mortality from OC is still ongoing. This coupled with the late-stage presentation and poor prognosis harbours significant health-economic implications. OC is also the most heritable of all cancers, with an estimated 25% of cases having a hereditary predisposition. Advancements in technology have detected multiple mutations, with the majority affecting the BRCA1 and\/or BRCA2 genes. Women with BRCA mutations are at a significantly increased lifetime risk of developing OC, often presenting with a high-grade serous pathology, which is associated with higher mortality due to its aggressive characteristic. Therefore, a targeted, cost-effective approach to prevention is paramount to improve clinical outcomes and mortality. Current guidelines offer multiple preventive strategies for individuals with hereditary OC (HOC), including genetic counselling to identify the high-risk women and risk-reducing interventions (RRI), such as surgical management or chemoprophylaxis through contraceptive medications. Evidence for sporadic OC is abundant as compared to the existing dearth in the hereditary subgroup. Hence, our review article narrates an overview of HOC and explores the RRI developed over the years. It attempts to compare the cost effectiveness of these strategies with women of the general population in order to answer the crucial question: what is the most prudent clinically and economically effective strategy for prevention amongst high-risk women?<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,25]],"date-time":"2022-09-25T23:13:27Z","timestamp":1664147607000},"page":"12057","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Hereditary Ovarian Cancer: Towards a Cost-Effective Prevention Strategy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8332-8033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aruni","family":"Ghose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Cancer Centre, St. Bartholomew\u2019s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London E1 1BB, UK"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, London SG1 4AB, UK"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1890-7319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita","family":"Bolina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool CH63 4JY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1640-7342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ishika","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Apollo Cancer Centre, Chennai 600001, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4716-3176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Ahmer","family":"Raza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, St. Thomas\u2019 Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miranda","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London E1 1BB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhinanda","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, IQ City Medical College and Narayana Hospital, Durgapur 713206, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabet","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrine Sofia","family":"Rallis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Centre for Experimental Cancer Medicine, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2512-6131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stergios","family":"Boussios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK"},{"name":"AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki\u2014Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (2022, June 05). 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