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The aim of this study was to assess the period of time until the outcomes of interest for patients with or exposed to leprosy by means of survival analysis surveys. This review researched articles using the databases of PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Scielo and BVS published in English and Portuguese. Twenty-eight articles from Brazil, India, Bangladesh, the Philippines and Indonesia were included. The Kaplan\u2013Meier method, which derives the log-rank test, and Cox\u2019s proportional hazards regression, which obtains the hazard ratio, were applied. The mean follow-up until the following outcomes were: (I) leprosy (2.3 years) in the population who were exposed to it, (II) relapse (5.9 years), (III) clinical manifestations before, during and after treatment\u2014nerve function impairment (5.2 years), leprosy reactions (4.9 years) and physical disability (8.3 years) in the population of patients with leprosy. Therefore, the use of survival analysis will enable the evaluation of national leprosy programs and assist in the decision-making process to face public health problems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T03:34:17Z","timestamp":1664163257000},"page":"12155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Systematic Review of Survival Analysis in Leprosy Studies\u2014Including the Following Outcomes: Relapse, Impairment of Nerve Function, Reactions and Physical Disability"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Celivane Cavalcanti","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Collective Health, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7434-3223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilberto Silva Nunes","family":"Bezerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRISM Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9775-1078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda Tavares","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Health Sciences, University of Pernambuco, Recife 50100-130, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria de F\u00e1tima Pessoa Milit\u00e3o de","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Collective Health, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4495-9673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristine Vieira do","family":"Bonfim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Social Research Division, Joaquim Nabuco Foundation, Ministry of Education, Recife 52171-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zulma Maria de","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Health Sciences, University of Pernambuco, Recife 50100-130, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wayner Vieira de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Collective Health, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2019.105284","article-title":"Current status of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in the Philippines","volume":"203","author":"Leonardo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-019-0599-4","article-title":"Neglected tropical diseases in the People\u2019s Republic of China: Progress towards elimination","volume":"8","author":"Qian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect. 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