{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:26:28Z","timestamp":1787617588215,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The Dead Sea basin is the lowest terrestrial site on the globe and is internationally recognized as a photoclimatotherapy center. Since the last century, questions were raised regarding a possible presence of unique incident ultraviolet irradiation, allowing the successful treatment of psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and other dermatological diseases. Aim: This research study aims to determine the characteristics of solar ultraviolet irradiation and to understand the mechanism of action of photoclimatotherapy while applying results to clinical protocols of treatments. Methods: A meteorological station was established at the Dead Sea basin to continuously measure global, UVB and UVA irradiation. The same irradiation parameters are also monitored continuously by a set of identical ultraviolet irradiation instruments installed on the campus of the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Beer Sheva. Results: This study details the results of these long-term measurements, as well as their correlation with the success obtained by clinicians treating psoriasis patients. Conclusions: A database of more than 25 years has enabled medical staff to establish tailor-made protocols for sun-exposure time intervals as a function of particular month and hour of day. The availability of such information significantly improved the results of photoclimatotherapy for psoriasis and simultaneously increased the safety of sun exposure at the Dead Sea.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T22:53:19Z","timestamp":1664405599000},"page":"12364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ultraviolet Measurements and Photoclimatotherapy for Psoriasis at the Dead Sea: 25 Years of Experience"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9657-3759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avraham I.","family":"Kudish","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, ED Bergmann Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410506, Israel"},{"name":"The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada 86910, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efim G.","family":"Evseev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, ED Bergmann Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410506, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9608-1081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guy","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada 86910, Israel"},{"name":"Eilat Campus, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat 8855630, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Harari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada 86910, Israel"},{"name":"DMZ Medical Center, Ein Bokek 86930, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Steinhorn, I., and Gat, J.R. 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(Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2011.00608.x","article-title":"The Solar Ultraviolet B Radiation Protection Provided by Shading Devices with Regard to Its Diffuse Component","volume":"27","author":"Kudish","year":"2011","journal-title":"Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0088(199712)17:15<1697::AID-JOC231>3.0.CO;2-9","article-title":"The Analysis of Ultraviolet Radiation in the Dead Sea Basin, Israel","volume":"17","author":"Kudish","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. J. 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