{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:38:34Z","timestamp":1760243914203,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care","award":["HSRF 259","CIHR FDN-167263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HSRF 259","CIHR FDN-167263"]}]},{"name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","award":["HSRF 259","CIHR FDN-167263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HSRF 259","CIHR FDN-167263"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The lasting impact of colonization contributes to the disproportionate rates of homelessness experienced by Indigenous people in Canada. Methods: This study used participatory mixed methods to evaluate an urban, Indigenous-led Housing First program in Ontario to fill knowledge gaps on wise practices addressing the unique dimensions of Indigenous homelessness. Using concept mapping, staff perspectives were engaged to generate 65 unique statements describing program delivery and their interrelationships using a six-cluster map. Results: \u2018Team\u2019s Professional Skills\u2019 and \u2018Spiritual Practices\u2019 rated high in importance (mean = 4.75 and 4.73, respectively), and feasibility (mean = 4.31 and 4.33, respectively). While fairly important, \u2018Partnerships and Agency Supports\u2019 was ranked least feasible (mean = 3.89). On average, clusters rated higher in importance than feasibility. Conclusion: Concept mapping draws from local knowledge, elicits strong engagement, and captured the holistic and client-centred approach of an Indigenous Housing First Model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T22:53:19Z","timestamp":1664405599000},"page":"12374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Using Concept Mapping to Define Indigenous Housing First in Hamilton, Ontario"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Michelle","family":"Firestone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON M5B1W8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nishan","family":"Zewge-Abubaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON M5B1W8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Salmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON M5B1W8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Constance","family":"McKnight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De dwa da dehs nye>s Aboriginal Health Centre, 678 Main St E, Hamilton, ON L8M 1K2, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen W.","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON M5B1W8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e018936","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018936","article-title":"Our Health Counts Toronto: Using Respondent-Driven Sampling to Unmask Census Undercounts of an Urban Indigenous Population in Toronto, Canada","volume":"7","author":"Rotondi","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"4","article-title":"Homelessness, Urban Aboriginal People, and the Need for a National Enumeration","volume":"2","author":"Belanger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aborig. 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Policy"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2018.12.003","article-title":"Cultural Connectedness Protects Mental Health against the Effect of Historical Trauma among Anishinabe Young Adults","volume":"176","author":"Gray","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1177\/1363461513487669","article-title":"Redressing First Nations Historical Trauma: Theorizing Mechanisms for Indigenous Culture as Mental Health Treatment","volume":"50","author":"Gone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transcult. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Distasio, J., Zell, S., McCullough, S., and Edel, B. (2019). Localized Approaches to Ending Homelessness: Indigenizing Housing First, Institute of Urban Studies."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Indigenous Housing Caucus Working Group and Canadian Housing Renewal Association (CHRA) (2018). 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